Presentation

Name: Muhammad Afzaal

18111503-009
 Muhammad Ghori
Mu'izz ad-Din Muhammad Ghori born Shihab
ad-Din in 1149 and dead in March 15, 1206,
also known as Muhammad of Ghor, was
the Sultan of the Ghurid Empire.  He is
credited with laying the foundation of Muslim
rule in the Indian subcontinent.
 Early life
Mu'izz ad-Din Muhammad was born in 1149 in
the Ghor region of Khorasan. The exact date of
his birth is unknown. His father, Baha al-Din
Sam I, was the local ruler of the Ghor region at
the time. Mu'izz also had an elder brother
named Ghiyath al-Din Muhammad.  When
Sayf died in 1163, the Ghurid nobles
supported Ghiyath, and helped him ascend
the throne.
 Early champion
Ghiyath was then challenged by his uncle Fakhr al-
Din Masud, who claimed the throne for himself,
and had allied with Tadj al-Din Yildiz,
the Seljuq governor.  the coalition was defeated
by Ghiyath and Mu'izz at Ragh-i Zar. The brothers
managed to kill the Seljuq governor during the
battle. In 1173, the two brothers invaded Ghazni,
and defeated the Oghuz Turks who had captured
the city from the Ghaznavids.
 Invasion in Inadia
After having helped his brother in expanding the
western frontiers of the Ghurid Empire, he
began to focus on India. Mu'izz's campaign
against the Qarmatians rulers of Multan in 1175
had ended in victory.  He turned south, and led
his army from Multan to Uch. He conquered the
Uch with the help of the the rani of the Uch.
After the conquered the Uch he married with
the daughter of the rani of the Uch.
In 1186, Mu'izz, along with Ghiyath, ended
the Ghaznavid dynasty after having
captured Lahore and executed the Ghaznavid
ruler Khusrau-Malik. But he appointed Khysrau
Malik as the Governor of the Lahore. Mu'izz
was also take Peshawar and Sialkot.
 First Battle of Tarain
Mu'izz captured a fortress, Bathinda in present day Punjab
state on the northwestern frontier of Prithviraj Chauhan's
kingdom.  he received the news that Prithviraj's army, led by
his vassal prince Govind Tai were on their way to besiege the
fortress. The two armies eventually met near the town
of Tarain, 14 miles from Haryana. The battle was marked by
the initial attack of mounted Mamluk archers to which
Prithviraj responded by counter attacking from three sides and
thus dominating the battle. Mu'izz mortally wounded Govind
Tai in personal combat and in the process was himself
wounded, whereupon his army retreated and Prithviraj's army
was deemed victorious.
 Second Battle of Tarain
On his return to Ghor, Mu'izz made preparations to avenge
the defeat. According to Firishta, the Rajput army consisted
of 3,000 elephants, 300,000 cavalry and infantry. Mu'izz
brought 120,000 fully armored men to the battle in 1192.
Prithviraj had other Rajputs under him or his allies had not
arrived. Before the next day, Mu'izz attacked the Rajput army
before dawn. Rajputs had a tradition of fighting from sunrise
to sunset. Although they were able to quickly form
formations, they suffered losses due to surprise attack
before sunrise. The Rajput army was eventually defeated and
Prithviraj was taken prisoner and subsequently executed
 When the state of Ajmer failed to fulfill the
tribute demands as per the custom after a
defeat, Qutbu l-Din Aibak, in 1193 took
over Ajmer and soon established Ghurid
control in northern and central India. Finally
his forces advanced on Delhi, capturing it
soon. Mu'izz returned west to Ghazni to deal
with the threat to his western frontiers from
the unrest in Iran.
 Khokhar revolt
After the death of his brother he take the
throne. But in Multan khokhar revolt against
the Ghori. They control Multan and also take
Lahore. But Muhammad Ghori came back and
stop the revolt against him. After the revolt
stop the five khokhar slave sell for one dinar.
Then he give the control of this region to his
slave qutbudin aybik and start his journey to
the ghazna.
 Death
On his way back to Ghazni, his caravan rested
at Dhamiak near Sohawa in Jhelum. He was
assassinated on March 15, 1206 . His killers
are unconfirmed. It may have been
the Khokhars or Ismailis. He was buried where
he murdered.
 Refrences
Farishta, Muhammad Qasim. Tareekh e Farishta.
Lahore: Urdu Bazzar. 2008.
https://pdfbooksfree.pk/sultan-shahbuddin-gho
ri-by-almas-m-a/
Latif, sayed Muhammad. History of Punjab.
Culcata: cenral press company. 1891.