KINGDOM FUNGI

Plant

Fungi

Protista

Animal
Eukaryotes

Moneran
Prokaryotes
 General Characteristics

1. Eukaryotic
2. Multicellular and Unicellular
3. Sexual and Asexual (produce Spores)
4. Cell Walls of Chitin
 General Characteristics
4. Hyphae - tiny filaments that are
responsible for digestion,
absorption, and reproduction.
 General Characteristics
5. Heterotrophic -They secrete digestive
exoenzymes outside their bodies to
break down organic matter, then

they absorb the nutrients through

the cell walls of their hyphae.
 General Characteristics

6. No true roots, stems or leaves –

7. Made up hyphae
Fungi Vocab to Know
 Mycelium- hyphae tangled together that
absorbs food
 Rhizoids- rootlike hyphae that
penetrate, anchor, and digest foods
(often seen in bread mold)
 Stolons- stemlike hyphase that run
along the surface
 Budding- asexual reproduction
IMPORTANCE
HELPFUL
1. Yeasts give us bread and
alcohol

2. Molds give us Penicillin

3. Cyclosporine reduces
organ rejection
HELPFUL

4. Mushrooms are a food

source

5. Yeasts used in genetic

research

6. Mushrooms help to
break down organic
wastes - decomposers
HARMFUL
1. Yeasts can cause vaginal yeast
infections
2. Some fungi cause ringworm
HARMFUL
3. Some fungi cause athlete’s foot
4. Some mushroom species are
poisonous
5. Mildews/Molds can cause Crop damage
or property damage
The 4 Groups of Fungi

-Fungi are grouped by the

way they reproduce
-As stated in your notes, it
is important to understand
the reproduction diagrams
on p. 531, 533, and 534
(also in PowerPoint
following slides)
Club Fungi - Basidiomycota
Ex –mushrooms

Sexual:
Basidia/Basidiospores
Mycelium hyphae (+) (-) touch
Thread Fungi – Zygomycota
Ex - mold,

Asexual:
Spores

Sexual:
Zygospores
Stolon hyphae (+) (-) touch
Sac Fungi - Ascomycota
ex - yeast, cup fungi

Asexual:
Conidiaspores
Budding (yeast)

Sexual:
Ascus/Ascospores
Hyphae (+) (-) touch
Imperfect Fungi - Deuteromycota
ex – penicillium, yeast (infection)

Asexual:
Conidia spores
Budding (yeast)

Sexual:
NONE
Symbiosis – a relationship
in which two species live
closely together
Mychorrhizae – symbiosis (mutual) between
plant roots (+) and fungi (+)
Plant = energy photosynthesis;
Fungi = home, water, minerals
Lichens – symbiosis (mutual) between
protist (green algae) (+) and fungi (+)
Protist = energy photosynthesis;
Fungi = home, water, minerals

Lives on bare rock, breaks down rocks

Lecture Questions
1. What characteristics do we use to classify fungus
by? (pick one)
A) The way they move
B) The way they reproduce
C) The foods they consume
2. All fungi are:
D) Heterotrophs
E) Autotrophs
F) Both