Questions

Question 5
 There are 2 bags. One Containing 5 white
balls and 4 black ball and other containing
4 white and 5 black balls. One ball is
transferred from one the first bag to the
second bag then a ball is drawn from the
second bag. What is the probability that is
a white ball.
 41/90
Questions
Random variable
 Questions
 Find the expected value of the heads
when two coins are tossed
 Question no 2
 A box contains six tickets. Two of the
tickets carry a price of Rs. 5 each and the
other four prices of Re.1
 A) If one ticket is drawn what is the
expected value of the price?
 B)If two tickets are drawn ,what is the
expected value of the price.
 Questions
Binomial Distribution
The binomial distribution describes the
behavior of a count variable X if the
following conditions apply:
 1: The number of observations n is fixed.
 2: Each observation is independent.

 3: Each observation represents one of two

outcomes ("success" or "failure").

 4: The probability of "success" p is the same

for each outcome.



If these conditions are met, then X has a

binomial distribution with parameters n
and p, abbreviated B(n,p).
 A random variable X is said to follow
Binomial distribution with parameters n
and p if its probability function is
 f(x)= nCxpxqn-x

 Where x= 0,1,2,….n
 P+q=1
 Mean of binomial distribution

 Mean of binomial distribution = np

 n- number of trials
 p- probability of success
Standard deviation of a binomial
distribution
 Standard deviation of a binomial
distribution = npq

 n- number of trials
 p– probability of success
 q- Probability Of Failure or (1-p)
 Question no 1
 Four coins are tossed simultaneously.
What is the probability of getting two
heads
 Question No 2
 Eight unbiased coins are tossed
simultaneously. Find the probability of
getting
 Exactly four heads
 No heads at all
 6 or more heads
 Utmost two heads
 Number of heads ranging from 3 to 5
 Question no 3
 Eight coins are tossed simultaneously 256
times . Find the expected frequencies
 Find mean and Standard Deviation
 Home work
 The following Data show the number of
seeds germinating out of 10 on damp filter
for 80 sets of seeds. Fit a binomial
distribution of this data and find the
expected frequencies
Poison Distribution
Discrete Probability distribution

Called law of improbable events-

describe the behaviour of rare
events
 Formula
 The Probability of N success out of n trials is
given by

 Where x is a discrete random variable assuming values

0,1,2…
 m is called parameter of Poisson distribution
 Example
 ., Find the probability of 4
customers arriving in 3 minutes
when the mean is 3.6.

3.6 4
e 3.6
P X    .1912
4!
 Question no 1
 If 3% of electric bulbs manufactured by a
company are defective. Find the
probability that in a sample of 100 bulbs
exactly five bulbs are defective
 Question No 2
 Fit a poison distribution to the following
data and calculate the theoretical
frequencies
 X 0 1 2 3 4
 Y 123 59 14 3 1
 Home Work
 Between the hours 2 and 4 pm the
average number of phone calls per
minute coming into the switch board of a
company is 2.5. find the probability that
during one particular minute there will
be
1) No phone call at all
2) Exactly two calls
3) At least Five calls
 Home work
 Find the probability that almost 5 defective
fuses will be found in a box of 200 fuses.
An experience shows that 2% of such
fuses are defective.
 Normal distribution

 Both binomial and Poisson distributions

consist of all the values (finite ) of a random
variable that made up of these discrete and
associated probabilities
 Normal probability distribution is one of the
most frequently used distribution. IT is
normally described in terms of continuous
curve in the shape of a bell (symmetrical)
 Example
 The weekly wages of 1,000 workmen are
normally distributed around a mean of Rs.
70 and with a standard deviation of Rs.5
Estimate the number of workers whose
weekly wages will be
 Between Rs.70 and Rs.72
 Between Rs.69 and Rs.72
 More than Rs.75
 Less than Rs. 63
 Home work 1
Normal distribution
 Consider a project that yields an average cash
flow of Rs. 500 lakhs with a standard deviation
of Rs. 60 lakhs. Calculate the following
probabilities
 Cash flow will be more than Rs. 560 lakhs
 Cash flow will be less than Rs.420 lakhs
 Cash flow will lie between Rs. 460 lakhs and Rs.540
lakhs
 Cash flow will be more than Rs. 680 lakhs
 Answers
1.Z=(x-)/=(560-500)/60=1.0
2.z=-1.33
3.-.66 and .66(2*.2454=.4908
4. 3.0, 0.0013