Modular programming

Assigned by
Maam Asma Jamil Presented by
•Abida khan
•Shumaila gull
•Mehwish rahman
Topics covered
 Modular programming
 Why modular programming
 Modularity
 Advantages of modular programming
 Disadvantages of modular programming
 Elements and examples of modular programming
Modular programming
Modular programming is a software design
technique that emphasizes separating the
functionality of a program into independent,
interchangeable modules, such that each
contains everything necessary to execute only
one aspect of the desired functionality.
Need for modular programming
 When a program becomes very large and complex , it
becomes very difficult task for the programmer to
design , test and debug such a program.
 Therefore a large can be divided into a smaller program
called modules as the modules can be designed , tested
and debugged separately, the task of programmer
become easy and convenient.
 It makes your program easy to understand.
Modularity

• How do we solve a big/complex

problem?
• Divide it into small tasks and solve
each task. then combine these
solutions.
Modular programming or functions
There are two types of functions:
Library or built-in functions:
As
 Main function for execution of any program
 Math.h
User defined
 Float area()
 etc
Syntax of function

Every function require three elements:

1. Function declaration:
Return-datatype function-name (parameters)

2. Function call: in this we call the function:function-

name(paramerters)
3. function definition: this is actually body of function.
Example explaining modularity
Q. Write a program which return the area of ring?
Solution: as we know that
area of ring=area of outer circle-area of inner circle

Here the area of ring =

Yellow circle area,3.14*r1*r1
-
Area of blue circle,3.14*r2*r2
Using modules or function to write
program
 Here we need two time a program for area of circle
so we will write a function once and call it for as
many times as we need but here in case of area of
ring we will call it two times
Coding….
#include<iostream.h>
//function declaration
Double circlearea(double);
Void main()
{
Double r1;
Double r2;
Double ringarea;
Cout<<“please enter the outer radius value :”;
Cin>>r1;
Cout<<“plz enter value of inner radius :”;
Cin>>r2;
ringarea+circlearea(r1)_circlearea(r2); //function calling
Cout<<“area of cicle having inner radius”<<r2<<“and the outer radius”<<r1<<“is”<<ringarea;
}
Double circlearea(double radius) //function definition
{
Return(3.14*radius*radius);
}
Benefits of modular programming
 Less code has to be written.
 A single procedure can be developed for reuse, eliminating the
need to retype the code many time.
 Program can be design more easily because a small team deals
with only a small part of the entire code.
 Modular programmer allow many programmers to collaborate
on the same application.
Continue…..
 The code is stored across multiple files.
 Code is short , simple and easy to understand.
 The same code can be used in many applications.
 Errors can easily be identified , as they are localized
to a subroutine or function.
Disadvantages of using modules
o Means documentation of module must be systematic.
o Can lead to problems when modules are linked because link
must thoroughly tested.
o Since separate modules repeat certain functions, the modular
programming often need extra time and memory