The Retro Technology

Back to the 1960s

 PLAN
 Preface………………………………………………………………………………………..2
 Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………3
 what is technology………………………………………………………………………...….3
 The sixties………………………………………………………………………………….....4
 The innovations of the sixties…………………………………………………………….....5
 The telephone…………………………………………………………………………………5
 The calculator…………………………………………………………………………...…….6
 Color television…………………………………………………………………………….….7
 Computer…………………………………………………………………………….………..8
 Robots……………………………………………………………………………..…………..9
 The audio cassette……………………………………………………………..……………10
 The laser…………………………………………………………………………..…………..11
 The typewriter…………………………………………………………………..…………….11
 Computer mouse……………………………………………………………………………..12
 Transportation in 1960s…………………………………………………..………………….13
 The 1960s science and technology………………………………………….…………….15
 Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………………16
  
  
 Introduction
The real question is : what is technology?

 It might seem a straightforward question, but technology is about more than gadgets and
gizmos. Andy Lane explains what it means to different people.
 The role and impact of technology in both our personal and working lives is ever growing.
Understanding how people shape technology and how technology shapes people's
interactions with each other and the natural world is important not only for those who
research, develop and implement new technologies but also for all those people and
organisations that have to use those technologies in their working and personal lives.
 Technology is not a neutral word. Different people will give it different meaning depending
on their viewpoint and context.
 Members of the Faculty of Technology are no different but for many years we have adopted
one particular definition of technology that reflects our own aims and objectives:
 Technology concerns itself with understanding how knowledge is creatively applied to
organised tasks involving people and machines that meet sustainable goals. There are
three important aspects to this definition:
 Introduction
The real question is : what is technology?

 1. Technology is about taking action to meet a human need rather than merely
understanding the workings of the natural world, which is the goal of science
 2. It uses much more than scientific knowledge and includes values as much as facts,
practical craft knowledge as much as theoretical knowledge.
 3. It involves organized ways of doing things. It covers the intended and unintended
interactions between products (machines, devices, artifacts) and the people and systems
who make them, use them or are affected by them through various processes.
 Technology is a hands on, can do profession where people have to be skilled in many of
the following: engineering, communicating, designing, developing, innovating, managing,
manufacturing, modelling, and systems thinking. But technology also gives us various
products which can be used for good or ill or where the benefits are disputed and similarly
the processes involved in producing and using technology means that we should all take
an interest in whether it provides us and everyone else with a sustainable future.
 Introduction
The real question is : what is technology?

Dictionary definition of technology :

 the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes, especially in
industry.
 "advances in computer technology"
 machinery and equipment developed from the application of scientific
knowledge.
 "it will reduce the industry's ability to spend money on new technology"
 the branch of knowledge dealing with engineering or applied sciences.
 The sixties
 That was only about fifty years ago, but nevertheless they may seem light years away from today, even
to those who knew them.
 It was the time of beginnings. A world was ending. Another was being born. Looking back, this
prodigious decade, so near and so far, never ceases to astonish by its vitality, its inventiveness, its
audacity. And much more than nostalgia for an alleged golden age (which the 1960s were not, any more
than any other time, ever), it is this energy that continues to fascinate young and old alike. Buried, the
sixties?
 The sixties
 The 1960s saw the development of big ideas (gender equality, the fight against the racial
segregation, desire for a "healthy and simple" life for some, freedom of expression for
youth ...).
 At the same time, even if they simplify everyday life, devices appliances of all kinds are
mass-constructed, justifying mass production, amplifying the phenomenon of pollution,
artificially creating needs through advertising...
 It was the time of all revolutions: sexual, moral, artistic (New Vague, pop art...), scientific
and technological (first heart transplant, first man in space, soon on the Moon, launch of
the Arpanet project, ancestor of the internet). A cultural revolution, too, not that of Mao,
ours, who saw the post-war generation impose musical tastes, dress codes, language codes
- the strictest familiarization, a certain style of humor - that we did not yet know would be
"stainless".
 The innovations of the sixties

 Welcome to the 1960s technology! ,where new inventions

were made, and many improvements were made to the
inventions that were already made during the time.
although we don't see many 1960s things today, the 1960s
paved the way for other inventions to be made, changing
how we use technology today.
 Those are only some exemple of the technology invented
in 1960s
 
The innovations of the sixties
The telephone

 Imagine if every phone in your house was switched from the

regular buttons they already have to a rotary dial, even your cell
phone or smartphone. how annoying will that be? But thanks to the
1960s, this isnt the case today. two major changes were made to
the phone to make it easier to call and overall more convenient.
 The telephone is one invention that changed the world and opened
a wide world of communication. Many businesses benefited from
the additional communication options that became available after
the invention of the telephone. As communication continues to
evolve, businesses continue to benefit from the additional
communication channels that are open to make completing
business transactions and connecting with customers easier.
Understanding the history of the telephone in business can give
you a greater appreciation for the invention of the telephone and
what it means for us today.
The innovations of the sixties
The calculator

 Canon's pocketronic-1969-'70
 the first entirely electronic calculators were introduced
in the U.S around 1963. these calculators were meant
for a desktop and usually weighed around 30 to 50
pounds they took over during 1964 and '65 until 1967,
when the company Texas instruments came out with
a prototype for the first hand held calculator in march,
named "cal-tech". Canon, a bigger company of the
time located in Japan, used their model to create the
"Pocketronic", a device similar to the "cal-tech" but
more available to the public. the hand held calculators
were a major success in the '70s and quickly became less
expensive and more common than the desktop calculators
The innovations of the sixties
Color television
 Color television is a television transmission technology
that includes information on the color of the picture, so
the video image can be displayed in color on the
television set. It is considered an improvement on the
earliest television technology, monochrome or 
black-and-white television, in which the image is
displayed in shades of gray (grayscale). 
 The invention of color television standards is an
important part of the history of television, and it is
described in the technology of television article. Even
though color televisions were already invented long
before the '60s, there wasn't a lot of channels were color
was available, especially since there was only three
channels on the TV at the time, ABC, CBS,and NBC.
The innovations of the sixties
Computer

 Decade of supercomputers
 the 960s came with many of the worlds first
supercomputers designed to run in fast speeds.
one man, Seymour cray, was known as the
father of supercomputing for inventing the CDC
6600 in 1964, which was capable of preforming
up to 3 million instructions a second, and was
known as the fastest computer in the world until
the speed was broken by its successor, The
CDC 7600, which was created in 1968
The innovations of the sixties
Computer
 Making things smaller
 PDP-8 Minicomputer
 As the 1960s brought in gigantic supercomputers
which runs at top speeds,people also tried to put
a lot of power and speed in a smaller, more
compact space. in 1965, the Digital Equipment
Corp. introduced the PDP-8, known as the first
commercially successful minicomputer. the
computer's power,small size and reasonable
price of 18,000$ made it a computer seen in
thousands of businesses, labs, and factories.
 The innovations of the sixties
Computer

 HOW DID COMPUTER CHANGE OUR LIVES SINVE THEN ?

 Computers have changed the world in many ways.  They allow huge
amounts of information to be stored in a small space.  They also allow a
person to calculate mathematical problems with ease.
 Finally, computers have changed the way that we communicate as a
society.  People can now talk to one another in almost no time at all
through the use of social networking sites, and people can even live
video chat with applications such as Skype.  Imagine, if this idea had
been presented to scientist 50 years ago, the presenter would have been
laughed out of the conversation.
The innovations of the sixties
Robots
 Robots were coming into use for factory work.
in 1961, a robot arm known as Unimate
became the first robot to come into use
industrially. the robot arm weighed 4,000
pounds was used in General Motors to
sequence stack hot pieces of die cast metal.
later on in 1969, Victor Scheinman made the
first successful, entirely electronic robotic arm
that was power by a computer. he named it
the Stanford arm and in 1974 had the ability to
completely form together a ford model T water
pump using optical and contact sensors
 The innovations of the sixties
Robots

 The development of modern robotics was precipitated by the advent of

steam power and electricity during the Industrial Revolution. A growing
market for consumer products drove engineers to devise ways of
producing automatic machines to speed up production, do tasks that
humans could not do, and to replace humans in dangerous situations.
Robots are changing the world in mostly positive ways. They may be taking
over some human jobs, but they also create better efficiency that, in turn,
boosts economic activity, which then generates more opportunities for
humans to find ways of generating income.
 The innovations of the sixties
The audio cassette

 The cassette was invented by a company named

Phillips in '62 and wasn't introduced until august
30th 1963 in Europe. it served as a easy way to
store audio and is still used today.
 The first compact audio cassette was created in
1962 by Phillips Co. of the Netherlands. This first
cassette utilized quality polyester 1/8-inch tape
produced by the German chemical company BASF.
These cassettes had the “impressive” recording
speed of 1.7 inches per second with a playback
speed of 8 inches per second.
 The innovations of the sixties
The Laser

 The first functioning laser was fired by Theodore H. Maiman today Lasers are
used all the time in hospitals and scientific labs. Over the past half century,
lasers have found their way into ophthalmology, oncology, cosmetic surgery,
and many areas of medicine and biomedical research
 The earliest medical applications for lasers were in ophthalmology and
dermatology. Just a year after the invention of the laser in 1960, Leon
Goldman demonstrated how a ruby laser, which emits red light, could be used
to remove port wine stains, a type of birthmark, and melanomas from the skin.
 Lasers are now widely used in dermatology for things like tumor, tattoo, hair,
and birthmark removal. The special properties of lasers make them much
better than sunlight or other light sources at targeting medical applications.
Each laser operates within a very narrow wavelength range and the light
emitted is coherent. They can also be very powerful. The beams can be
focused to a very small point, giving them a high power density. These
properties have led to lasers being used in many areas of medical diagnosis
and treatment.
 The innovations of the sixties
The Typewriter

 The First Typewriter was developed by IBM and made

writing papers faster and more organized. the invention
also helped save paper. the typewriter has the same
pattern of keys that is in a keyboard today.  In turn, the
typewriter brought about and helped to accelerate social
change, opening up new jobs for women in the office.
 The way in which the typewriter was adopted reflected
changes in women's roles, new ideas about the
organization of work, and the rapidly growing
corporations of the day. In turn, the typewriter opened up
many new jobs for women in the office.
 The innovations of the sixties
The Computer mouse

 The mouse was invented by Douglas Englebart and was used

on computers. it was named the mouse because the cable that
connected to the computer came out the end of the device
 Funnily enough, the mouse hasn't changed very much since the
60s. Yeah, we added more buttons and better methods for
tracking movement but that's about it. So why are we talking
about it then? Because drag-and-drop development only exists
because of this one idea. Today’s mice can be moved in any
direction but the first mouse was far from as smooth.
 The reason the inventors later chose to call it mouse was
because the cord that stuck out reminded the tail of a mouse. At
first, the cord set in the direction of the arm but this changed
quickly as they noticed that it was in the way of the wrist.
Transportation in 1960s

 Their wasn't only cars in the 60's. People in the 60's

used many ways to transport themselves. In the 60's
they had an option for trains it was the main use in
the 60's because before the 60's the train was
popular use of transportation also planes were in big
use it may sound odd because in 2014 we mostly
use cars as our transportation,but cars in the 60's
were mostly used for personal travel.And planes not
always carried people they also transported cargo.
Transportation in 1960s
 The 60's popular car was the Volkswagen with 2 models
 1. The beetles
 2.The bus
 The Volkswagen is a popular car because lot of famous people have used the
Volkswagen,in fact the show ScoobyDoobyDo used the Volkswagen .
 They had couple of companies back in the 60's that were huge in money such
as Ford,GM,Volkswagen,Chrystal, and Chevrolet. Car companies were really
successful in the 60's. During 60's the companies released high performance
cars it was incredible. 
 Transportation in 1960s
 Some cool and random facts about transportation in the 60's is in the late 60's seat belts were not
invented,but that is why they also used trains and planes. Cars in the 60's usually came with power steering.
 The 1960’s automobiles belonged to a distinct decade of automobile history with the advent of economy,
muscle and pony cars. The 1960’s saw the American automobile industry consolidating into the Big Three:
General Motors, FordChrysler and American Motors. These firms not only dominated the domestic market
with the sales of the 1960s cars, but the global market as well. In 1960 American companies built 93
percent of the autos sold in the United States and 48 percent of world.
The 1960s Science and Technology:
 Before the 1960s, space travel was considered to be pure fantasy, the
subject of science fiction novels and films conjured up by writers with
vivid imaginations. However, the beginning of the decade saw the first
human beings flying through space and orbiting the Earth. In April
1961, Russian cosmonaut Yuri A. Gagarin became the first man in
space, orbiting the Earth in a 108-minute flight on board the Vostok
I spacecraft. Less than a month later, astronaut Alan B. Shepard
became the first American in space. His flight lasted 14 minutes and
28 seconds. Before the decade ended, human beings had landed on
the moon. Neil A. Armstrong, one of three astronauts participating in
the Apollo 11 mission, became the first to set foot on the moon's
surface. It was the 1960's most highly publicized scientific and
technological achievement. In one of the decade's most celebrated
quotes, Armstrong noted, as he set foot on the moon, "That's one
small step for man, one giant leap for mankind." The date was July
20, 1969.