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    Retinal Prosthesis: Erica Chin Topics Fall 10

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    Erica D. Chin
    This document discusses retinal prosthetics for restoring vision. It begins by noting that over 40 million people worldwide are blind, including over 1 million in the US, costing $68 billion annually in lost economic impact. It then provides background on the retina and visual pathway, explaining how blindness occurs when this pathway is disrupted, such as from photoreceptor loss in age-related macular degeneration or retinitis pigmentosa. The concept of a visual prosthesis to electrically stimulate remaining retinal cells and restore functional vision is introduced.

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    Retinal Prosthesis: Erica Chin Topics Fall 10

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    Erica D. Chin
    25 views13 pages
    This document discusses retinal prosthetics for restoring vision. It begins by noting that over 40 million people worldwide are blind, including over 1 million in the US, costing $68 billion annually in lost economic impact. It then provides background on the retina and visual pathway, explaining how blindness occurs when this pathway is disrupted, such as from photoreceptor loss in age-related macular degeneration or retinitis pigmentosa. The concept of a visual prosthesis to electrically stimulate remaining retinal cells and restore functional vision is introduced.

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    Visual Prosthesis

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    This document discusses retinal prosthetics for restoring vision. It begins by noting that over 40 million people worldwide are blind, including over 1 million in the US, costing $68 billion annually in lost economic impact. It then provides background on the retina and visual pathway, explaining how blindness occurs when this pathway is disrupted, such as from photoreceptor loss in age-related macular degeneration or retinitis pigmentosa. The concept of a visual prosthesis to electrically stimulate remaining retinal cells and restore functional vision is introduced.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    25 views13 pages

    Retinal Prosthesis: Erica Chin Topics Fall 10

    Uploaded by

    Erica D. Chin
    This document discusses retinal prosthetics for restoring vision. It begins by noting that over 40 million people worldwide are blind, including over 1 million in the US, costing $68 billion annually in lost economic impact. It then provides background on the retina and visual pathway, explaining how blindness occurs when this pathway is disrupted, such as from photoreceptor loss in age-related macular degeneration or retinitis pigmentosa. The concept of a visual prosthesis to electrically stimulate remaining retinal cells and restore functional vision is introduced.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
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    of 13

    [1]

    RETINAL PROSTHESIS
    Erica Chin
    Topics Fall ‘10
    Over 40 million blind in the
    world.
    Over one million in the U.S.

    Only 29% of severely visually impaired are employed

    Earn 37% less

    Total Impact: $68 billion annually


    [2]

    [3]
    What is the Retina?
     Retina
     Neural tissue
     Lines side and back of
    cavity

    Weiland, 2005
    What is the Retina
     Retina
     Neural tissue
     Lines side and back of
    cavity
     Multilayered
     200 um thick

    Weiland, 2005
    Visual Pathway
     Photoreceptors
     Neurons
     Energy Conversion
     Photons
     Neural Signal

     Retinal ganglion cells


     Send signals
     Via optic nerve

    Weiland, 2008
    Blindness
     Disrupted pathway
     Focus light on retina
     Sense light
     Send visual
    information to brain

    [4]
    Blindness
     Photoreceptor loss
     Age-related macular
    degeneration (AMD)
     700,000 /yr (US)
     70,000 legally blind

    [5]
    Blindness
     Photoreceptor loss
     Age-related mascular
    degeneration (AMD)
     700,000 /yr (US)
     70,000 legally blind
     Retinitis pigmentosa
     >100 genetic defects
     1:3500 live births
     Surgery/treatment don’t
    [6]
    work. Can delay.
    Concept of Visual Prostheses

    [7]
    Videos XD
     Scientific
    Frontiers: 4/6/05:
    14:06.
     How it Works
     15:19-17.38
     Experiment
     18.33- 20:03
     Alda’s experience
     21:13-22:02
     The Doctors:
    July 2010:
     3:26

    Weiland, 2005
    References
     James D. Weiland, Wentai Liu, Mark S. Humayun. RETINAL PROSTHESIS.
    Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering, Vol. 7: 361 -401 (Volume publication
    date August 2005)
     Visual Prosthesis. Peter H. Schiller and Edward J. Tehovnik. Perception. Author
    manuscript; available in PMC 2010 January 5.PMCID: PMC2801810. Published in
    final edited form as: Perception. 2008; 37(10): 1529–1559.
     Weiland, J.D.; Humayun, M.S.; , "Visual Prosthesis," Proceedings of the IEEE ,
    vol.96, no.7, pp.1076-1084, July 2008
    doi: 10.1109/JPROC.2008.922589
    URL: 
    http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=4539488&isnumber=454
    5297
     Scientific Frontiers. “Cybersenses” April, 06, 2005:
    http://www.pbs.org/saf/1509/video/watchonline.htm
     The Doctors. “Bionic Eye” July 28, 2010:
    http://www.thedoctorstv.com/main/home_page?init_type=Feature&init_id=816
    References
    1. http://www.elllo.org/Assets/images/P0751/781-Blindfold.jpg
    2. http://acharya.iitm.ac.in/disabilities/braille_big.jpg
    3. http
    ://www.popularmechanics.com/cm/popularmechanics/images
    /terms-1-1010-lg.jpg
    4. http://
    www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK11145/bin/ch12f2.jpg
    5. http://
    www.pdazzler.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/macdeg.jpg
    6. http://www.hakeem-sy.com/main/files/sim-ret.jpg
    7. http://www.whatisneuroplasticity.com/images/Axons%20firi
    ng%20in%20a%20neural%20cell.jpg

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