Topic: Ethnography

Subject: Qualitative Research Methods

Program: MPhil English

OUTLINES
1. Introduction to Ethnographic Research
2. How to conduct an Ethnographic Research? Abdul
  Ghaffar
3. Development of Ethnographic Research Abdul Qadir
 
4. Key characteristics of Ethnographic Research Areeba Nadeem;
 
5. Steps in conducting an Ethnography Ellen Iqabal
6. Types of Ethnographic Designs

 
7. Evaluating an Ethnography Fatima Zakir
 
Introduction to Ethnographic Research
The term ethnography literally means a description of people
or culture (Denscombe, 2007:51).

“An attempt to attain as holistic a picture as possible of a

particular society, group, institution, or situation. The
emphasis in ethnographic research is on documenting or
portraying the everyday experiences of individuals by
observing and interviewing them and relevant
others.”(Frankel & Wallen, 2006)
Ethnographic designs are qualitative research procedures for
describing, analyzing, and interpreting a culture-sharing
group’s shared patterns of behavior, beliefs, and language
that develop over time.”(Gay L, Mills G, Airasian P, 2009)

Ethnography, according to Thomas (2003:35) is a special kind

of method in qualitative research in which “the researcher,
over a period of time, participates in the activities of the
people, organization, or event being investigated”
Ethnographic research “builds theories of cultures – or
explanations of how people think, believe, and behave – that
are situated in local time and space” Purpose: To understand
a bigger issue by closely studying a culture sharing group.

Ethnographic research has an interest in culture and cultural

meanings with an emphasis on the ‘emic’ or ‘the insider’
view. Ethnographies are based on fieldwork among the
people whose culture is under study.
Ethnography focuses on interpretation, understanding and
representation. Methodological principles such as
naturalism, understanding and induction draw on different
philosophical backgrounds and, therefore, produce different
types of ethnography.

Collect data from different perspectives and different

sources, write field notes that are descriptive and rich in
detail, and represent participants in their own terms by using
quotations and short stories. Write rich description followed
by analysis and interpretation, and situate yourself in your
writing. The narrative form of writing works well.
 Respected Ma'am! do we have access to
share our PPT file on the blackboard? The
group-1 made slides, and we want deliver
. our presentation while sharing these slides
with fellows.

Dear scholars paste your material in

these slides accordingly as topics are
given. Be ready for presentation, after
iftari we will have short meeting
gathering via zoom to finalized all these
things.
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