LIPIDS

AND FATTY
ACIDS
PREPARED BY: MRS. PEDELOU D.
WHY
DO
WE EAT
FATTY
FOODS?
WHY
CAN’T
WE STOP
EATING
FATTY FOODS?
FAT
MISCONCEPTIONS
 Misconception 1:
Fats makes you fat 
Why is Olive oil good for you and pancake is not?
Olive oil Pancake

vs
100% Fats 11% Fats
“It’s NOT
how much fat
you eat , it’s
what KIND
of fat”
LESSON OBJECTIVES:
1. Identify lipids and fatty acids.
2.Illustrate structures of fatty acids.
3.Illustrate the broad classifications of lipids.
4. Appreciate the importance of lipids.
WHAT ARE LIPIDS?
“Lipids are organic compounds that contain
hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen atoms,
which forms the framework for the structure
and function of living cells.”
WHAT ARE LIPIDS?
“Naturally occurring molecules
from plants or animals that are
soluble in nonpolar organic solvents.”
WHAT ARE LIPIDS?
“Lipids are a family of organic
compounds, composed of fats and oils. These
molecules yield high energy and are
responsible for different functions within the
human body.”
PROPERTIES OF LIPIDS:
1. Lipids are oily or greasy nonpolar molecules, stored in
the adipose tissue of the body
2. Lipids are a heterogeneous group of
compounds, mainly composed of hydrocarbon chains.

3. Lipids are energy-rich organic molecules, which

provide energy for different life processes.
PROPERTIES OF LIPIDS:
4.Lipids are a class of compounds distinguished by their
insolubility in water and solubility in nonpolar
solvents.

5. Lipids are important in biological systems because

they form the cell membrane, a mechanical barrier that
divides a cell from the external environment.
LIPID STRUCTURE ( BACKBONE)
LIPID STRUCTURE
( VARIETY)
LIPID STRUCTURE
LIPID STRUCTURE
( Lipid Derived Hormones)
 EXAMPLES OF LIPIDS:
1. FATTY ACIDS 6. LIPOPROTEINS
2. TRIGLYCERIDE 7. STEROIDS
3. SPHINGOLIPIDS 8. PROSTAGLANDINS
4. PHOSPHOLIPIDS 9. WAXES
5. GLYCOLIPIDS
LIPID STRUCTURE
( VARIETY)

A B
Phospholipi Triglycerol
LIPID STRUCTURE
( VARIETY) PHOSPHATE
HEAD

FATTY ACID TAIL

A
Phospholipid
LIPID STRUCTURE
( VARIETY)
GLYCEROL FATTY ACID TAIL

B
Triglycerol
LIPID STRUCTURE (SATURATED)
1. Have no double bonds

Saturated Fats between carbon atoms(have

maximum number of
hydrogen atoms)

2. Solid at room temperature.

3. It has a straight chain.

LIPID STRUCTURE (UNSATURATED)
1. Have some carbon
Unsaturated atoms that are double
bonded(not fully
Fats hydrogenated)
2. Liquid at room temperature.

3. Kinked in shape.
Why is Olive oil good for you and pancake is not?
Olive oil Pancake

vs
100% (Unsaturated)Fats 11% (Saturated) Fats
 Cholesterol is important!
We need a small amount of
blood cholesterol because
the body uses it to:
 build the structure of cell
membranes.
 make hormones like estrogen,
testosterone and adrenal
hormones.
 help your metabolism work
efficiently, f
 or example, cholesterol is
essential for your body to produce
vitamin D.