FORMULATING

EVALUATIVE STATEMENTS
ABOUT A TEXT READ
BY: LEVY P. CORONEL
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

Formulate evaluative • assertions about the content and properties of a text; and
statements about a • b. counterclaims in response to claims made in a text
text read: read.

(EN11/12RWS-IVac-9;
EN11/12RWS-IVac-9.1;
EN11/12RWS-IVac-9.2
 LESSON REVIEW:

Reading vs. Critical

Analyzing
reading

Examining Evaluation
 WHAT IS ASSERTION?

is a statement used to make a declaration or can be formulated after reading a text or even
to express strong belief on a particular topic. after watching a play.
 1. statement
4 TYPES OF of fact
ASSERTIONS
it is a statement that can be
proven objectively by direct
experience, testimonies of
witnesses, verified observations
or the results of research.
4 TYPES OF
ASSERTIONS
2. statement of
convention
It is a way in which something is
done, similar to traditions and
norms. Conventions depend on
historical precedent, laws, rules,
usage, and customs. Thus, their
truthfulness is verified by how
commonly held definitions and
beliefs are interpreted.
4 TYPES OF ASSERTIONS

3. Statement of It is based on facts but is difficult to objectively

verify because of the uncertainty of producing
opinion satisfactory proofs of soundness. Opinions result
from ambiguities; the more ambiguous a
statement, the more difficult it is to verify.
 4. Statement of preference
4 TYPES OF
ASSERTIONS
It is based on personal choice;
therefore, they are subjective
and cannot be objectively
proven or logically attacked
COUNTERCLAIMS

Another helpful way to make evaluative statements is by identifying counterclaims. This shows
that a reader does see the other facets of the argument/s. Identifying and formulating
counterclaims are a writer’s abilities to portray a thorough understanding of a text. To provide a
contrasting perspective to the main argument, counterclaims are used because they purpose to
rebut previous claims. By making counterclaims, one shows that he/she is examining different
perspective and not just passively accepting the writer’s claims. When doing so, one is
remaining objective because he/she has thoroughly considered the topic and is open for
engaging himself/herself different viewpoints from his/her own. Thus, this helps someone to
clarify what his/her personal position is on the topic
LOGICAL FALLACIES

In formulating evaluative statements, taking logical fallacies into

consideration is also necessary. Logical fallacies are errors in
reasoning that invalidate an argument. As a critical reader, one must
identify and examine fallacies and manipulative language found in
the text. It is therefore important that you know what some of the
common fallacies are.