Microelectronics Pill

Camera

Name of Student : Nithin N

Registration Number : 18ETEC004303
Date of Presentation : 26 June 2021

Course Title : Seminar Course code : 19ECP318A 1

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 Outline
Introduction
History
Future
Architecture of OLED
Principle of Operation
Conclusion
References

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 Introduction
Microelectronics Pill Camera is nothing but a vitamin pill-sized
camera that could travel through your body and taking pictures,
helping diagnose a problem which doctor previously would have found
.only through surgery
The miniature pill contains of a camera, along with a light, transmitter,
.and batteries, called capsule cam
Once swallowed, the capsule is propelled through the small intestine
and acquires and transmits digital images at the rate of two per second
to a sensor array attached to the patients abdomen, through a recording
.device worn on a belt stores the images, to be examined and reviewed

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 HISTORY
Pill Camera was invented by Gavriel Iddan in the year 2008 and it was
approved by U.S.Food And Drug Administration in 2010.
Before Pill Cameras endoscopic Ultrasound were used endoscopes are
unique because they offer ultrasound guided needle biopsy, colour
Doppler and advanced image. The technology available to doctors has
evolved dramatically over years.
Pill Camera’s Has Advanced a lot during 2010-2014 .

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 WORKING
Pill camera is also called as Capsule Endoscopy. The capsule
contains a camera, an LED light, a battery and a built- in
antenna. The capsule is about the size of a large vitamin pill
and it can easily swallowed. Once you swallowed it cannot be
felt as it moves through the body. Then the pill has a clear
view of the digestive track as it travels down. The antenna
transmits the images to a small recording unit that the patient
wears on their waist during the study. After completion of test
it can be safely flushed down.

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 Components of Pill Camera

A. Optical Dome
B. Lens Holder
C. Lens
D. Illuminating LED's
E. CMOS IMAGE Sensor’s
F. Battery
G. ASIC Transmitter
H. Battery

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 Components of Pill Camera

OPTICAL DOME: It is the front part of the capsule and it is bullet

shaped. Optical dome is the light receiving window of the capsule and
it is a non- conductor material. It prevents the filtration of digestive
fluids inside the capsule.
LENS HOLDER: This accommodates the lens. Lenses are tightly fixed
in the capsule to avoid dislocation of lens.
LENS: It is the integral component of pill camera. This lens is placed
behind the Optical Dome. The light through window falls on the lens.

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 Components of Pill Camera
ILLUMINATING LED’S: Illuminating LEDs illuminate an object.
Non reflection coating is placed on the light receiving window to
prevent the reflection. Light irradiated from the LED’s pass through
the light receiving window.
CMOS IMAGE SENSOR: It has 140 degree field of view and detect
object as small as 0.1mm. It have high precise.
BATTERY: Battery used in the pill camera is button shaped and two in
number and silver oxide primary batteries are used. It is disposable and
harmless material.

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 Components of Pill Camera
• TRANSMITTER: It is application specific integrated
circuit and is placed behind the batteries. Two transmitting
electrodes are connected to this transmitter and these
electrodes are electrically isolated
• ANTENNA: Parylene coated on to polyethylene or
polypropylene antennas are used. Antenna receives data
from transmitter and then sends to data recorder.

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 Future Scope

It seems likely that capsule endoscopy will become

increasingly effective in diagnostic gastrointestinal
endoscopy. This will be attractive to patients especially for
cancer detection because capsule endoscopy is painless
Future diagnostic developments are likely to include capsule
gastroscopy, attachment to the gut wall, ultrasound imaging,
biopsy and cytology, propulsion methods and therapy
including tissue coagulation. Narrow band imaging and
immunologically or chemically targeted optical recognition

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 Structure of OLED
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 Impact on Health, business and Environment

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 OLED Types

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 16
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 Why OLED Display?

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 18
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 Conclusion

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 References

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