Fundamental Human

Impact of faith on our lives

Rights

Presented By Ms. Sumaira Nawaz

Department of Basic Sciences & Humanities
UET Taxila
 Fundamental Human Rights

The thought developed at the start of civilized

social life

“Inalienable fundamental rights to which a person is

inherently entitled simply because she/he is a human
being.”

UNIVERSAL
EGALITARIAN
 Fundamental Human Rights
 The term “fundamental human rights has
been introduced in 20th century.

In the beginning, three kinds of rights are

considered as basic rights;
Right of life
Right of ownership
Right of freedom
John Lock presented the idea as natural
rights
Human Rights
Basic rights
Fundamental Rights

All fundamental rights originated through religion/movements

of the world having the mottos of providing rights to man
without any discrimination of colour, cast, generation etc
 History of Concept :

According to European Historians;

The concept of fundamental right was originated by Europe
in 5th century &developed in Roam.
5th to 11th century
Dark ages(for west)……………….Golden period(Islam)
Those rights understood to now.
Magna Carta &UNO brought clear view of fundamental
MAGNA CARTA
rights later on .
According to western scholars';
Before three & half centuries ago……a Greek Philosopher
Zeno had presented the theory
Famous Roaman lawmaker Cicero also made law of
equality.

In British

Efforts were made in 11th century.

IN 1188…………the rule of Habeas Corpus
In 1215…………Megna Carta was issued
in 1264…………Statute of Kalisz(foe Poland
In 1525………….The Twelve Articles
(peasant’s demand raised towards Swabian
League)
In 1683………….The English Bill of Rights /
Act of declaring rights and liberties of the
subject and settling the succession of crown
In 18th Century

Two major revolution occurred……………….

In 1776…………….Virginia Declaration of
rights (in US)
IN 1789………..Declaration of the rights of
Man (in France)
In 19th Century

Human rights become a central concern over

the issue of slavery
In 1807…………….Slave Trade Act(in British
Empire)
IN 1833………..Slavery Abolution Act
In this century many stated ammende their
constitutions according to Human Rights e.g
in US
13th amendment………..banning Slavery
14th amendment………..assuring full
citizenship & civil rights
15th amendment………….guarantee African
American right of vote
In 20th Century

Many groups & movements achieved social

Changes
In Europe & North America;
Labour Unions…………….
Women Rights movement
National liberation movements
Mahatma Gandhi’s Movements
In 1919………. The league of Nations
In 1945………..United Nations
In 1948…………….Universal Declaration of
Human Rights
Fundamental Human Rights in Islam
these rights have been granted by God
No one has the right to abrogate them or withdraw
them.
 Every Muslim or administrators who claim themselves
to be Muslims will have to accept, recognize and enforce
them.
If fail to do it the called as……..Fasiq, Zalim, Kafir etc
Islam lays down some rights for man as a human being.
Rights Life
The first and the foremost basic right is the right to live and respect human life.

The Holy Quran lays down:

“Whosoever kills a human being without (any reason like) man slaughter, or

corruption on earth, it is as though he had killed all mankind ..”. (5:32)

Do not kill a soul which Allah has made sacred except through the due process

of law ... (6:151)

Prophet (PBUH) has declared homicide as the greatest sin only next to polytheism.
The Right to the Safety of Life
God has said:

"And whoever saves a life it is as though he had saved the lives of all mankind"

(5:32).

 several forms of saving man from death

ill or wounded

dying of starvation

drowning or his life is at stake

Respect for the Chastity of Women

A woman's chastity has to be respected and protected under all circumstances,

All promiscuous relation- ship has been forbidden to him

"Do not approach (the bounds of) adultery" (17:32).

The Right to a Basic Standard of Life

And in their wealth there is acknowledged right for the needy and destitute.

(51:19)

anyone who asks for help and anyone who is suffering from deprivation has a

right in the property and wealth of the Muslims

The Individual's Right to Freedom

Islam has clearly and categorically forbidden the primitive practice of capturing a

free man, to make him a slave or to sell him into slavery.

The Right to Justice
Muslims have to be just not only with ordinary human beings but even with their

enemies.

"Do not let your hatred of a people incite you to aggression" (5:2).

"And do not let ill-will towards any folk incite you so that you swerve from dealing

justly. Be just; that is nearest to heedfulness" (5:8).

"You who believe stand steadfast before God as witness for (truth and) fairplay"

(4:135).
Equality of Human Beings

Islam, recognizes absolute equality between men irrespective of any distinction of

colour, race or nationality,

"O mankind, we have created you from a male and female."

In other words all human beings are brothers to one another. They all are the

descendants from one father and one mother.

"And we set you up as nations and tribes so that you may be able to recognize

each other" (49:13).

RIGHTS OF CITIZENS IN AN ISLAMIC STATE
 The Security of Life and Property
 The Protection of Honour
 The Sanctity and Security of Private Life
 The Security of Personal Freedom
 he Right to Protest Against Tyranny
 Freedom of Expression
 Freedom of Association
 Protection of Religious Sentiments
 The Right to Basic Necessities of Life
 Equality Before Law