Physical Education

101
Food for Thought
GYMNASTICS
MR. EDWARD RYAN V. AYALA
ENERGIZER
HISTORY OF GYMNASTICS

The earliest recorded activities in gymnastics were some

exercises, stunts and tumbling resembling gymnastics.
The Chinese had a sort of exercise called the “Kung fu”
or Medical Gymnastics, while India had the Yoga.
The Greeks had activities with apparatuses and they
developed the word “GYMNASTICS” which meant “NAKED
ART”.
• 1723-1790 - Johann Basedow
introduced gymnastics in the School
Curriculum.
• 1759-1838 - Johann Guts Muths
called the Great Grandfather of
Gymnastics wrote a book entitled
Gymnastics for the Youth. He
invented the outdoor apparatuses like
the see-saw, the horizontal ladder, the
oblique wooden ladder, the climbing
rope, balancing beam, the vault
apparatus and the rope ladder.
• 1778-1852 - Friedrich Jahn is
considered the “Father of
Gymnastics”. He started the
Turverein movement. He introduced
the horizontal bar, the parallel bar,
the side horse, and the vaulting buck.
• 1810-1858 - Adolf Spiess
introduced marching and free hand
exercises performed with music.
• 1776-1839 - Perh Ling a Swedish
enthusiast invented the stall bars and
the vaulting box or Swedish Box
 Gymnastics in the Philippines was
started by two exponents of Physical
Education - Director Candido
Bartolome of the University of the
Philippines and Mrs. Francisca Reyes
Aquino of the Bureau of Public
Schools.
WHAT IS GYMNASTICS???
• It is a self-motivitating activity where one can manipulate
the different parts of the body into varied positions or
movements.
• It is an exciting activity and sport for its unique contribution
to general fitness, coordination, agility, strength, balance
and speed.
The Phases of the Gymnastics Program
1. Conditioning Program - The exercise are selected for
the purpose of preparing the body for more complicated
movements and skills. Exercises for warm-up can also
selected in this phase.

Calisthenics - is a form of exercise consisting of a variety

of movements which exercise large muscle groups (gross
motor movements), such as running, standing, grasping,
pushing, etc.
The Phases of the Gymnastics Program
2. Rhythmic Gymnastics - Routines or exercises
accompanied with music are called “Rhytmic Gymnastics”.
They are so called because they performed in a rhythmical
manner and the movements are flowing.

3. Stunts - these are activities in the form of play and they

test one's strength, flexibility, balance, agility, endurance
and coordination. This phase specially suited to the lower
grades.
The Phases of the Gymnastics Program

4. Tumbling- This is the most important phase of the

gymnastics program , because this is where the ability of
the performer is tested as he rolls to and from; twists , turns
and springs about on the mat, floor and in the air.

5. Apparatus Exercise (Heavy) - This includes exercises

done on the balance beam, vaulting horse parallel bars,
uneven bars and the trampoline.
The Phases of the Gymnastics Program

6. Pyramid Building - This phase of the program makes

a picture out of the body static position. The positions
should be properly arranged and selected so that they form
the shape of a pyramid.
Terms in Gymnastics
1. Arch- is a position where
the body is curved like an
arc of a circle, with the hip
forward and the head and
trunk bent backward.
Terms in Gymnastics
2. Dismount- is a stunt used by
a performer to get off the
apparatus.
3. Exercise or Routine -
planned series of dance skills,
locomotor skills, gymnastics
skills and tumbling skills
performed with or without music
Terms in Gymnastics
4. Held/Static Position - are positions held for 2 seconds.

5. Mount - are stunts performed by a performer to go up

on a apparatus.

6. Press - Press in the application of steady pressure to a

particular muscle or group of muscle in order to attain a
desired stretch.
Terms in Gymnastics
7. Scale - is support on one
leg with the other leg raised
at the back and the body
arch.
Terms in Gymnastics
8. Split - is a position where the legs are extended
forward and backward in a straight position.
9. Spotter - it is a person who helps a performer go about
a skill for the first time.
10. Spotting - it is an act of helping a performer go about
a skill for the first time.
11. Tuck - is a position where the head and the knees are
in contact and the trunk is curved.
Parts of the Body
• The Body
• Upper
Extremities
• Lower
Extremities
Fundamental Position in Gymnastics
Hand Position Arm Position
Hands on... Arms...
1. Waist 1. Forward
2. Chest 2. Sideward
3. Shoulders 3. Upward
4. Neck
5. Hips
Fundamental Position in Gymnastics
Arms Oblique Arms in T-Position
Position Arms in...
Arms Obliquely... 1. T-Position
1. Forward Downward 2. Reverse T-Position
2. Backward Downward
3. Sideward Down ward
4. Sideward Upward
Fundamental Position in Gymnastics
Standing Position
1. Feet Together
2. Stride Position
3. Lunge Position
4. Half-Knee Bend
5. Full Knees Bend/Squat
Position
Fundamental Position in Gymnastics
Sitting Position
1. Long Sitting Position 8. Heel Sit
2. Hook Sitting Position 9. Cross Sitting Position
3. Long Sitting Rest Position 10. Frog Sitting/Tailor Sitting
4. Tuck Sitting Position
5. Stride Sitting Position
6. Side Sitting Position
7. Hurdle Sitting Position
Fundamental Position in Gymnastics
Kneeling Position
1. Kneeling Position
2. Stride Kneeling Position
3. Half-Kneeling
Position(R/L)
4. Kneeling Position One
Leg
Lying Position
1. Back or Supine Lying
Position
2. Front or Prone Lying
Position
3. Side Lying Position
4. Hook Lying Position
5. Tuck Lying Position
Fundamental Position in Gymnastics
Arm Support Four Base Positions
Positions 1. Dog Stand Position
1. Supine or Back Arm 2. Bridge Stand Position
Support
2. Prone or Front Arm
Support
3. Side Arm Support
Thank you!!!