1

Welcome To Our Presentation

Department of Electrical and Electronic

Engineering
 

 
 Design & Construction of a Hybrid 2
Power Generation System

Presented By Supervised By

Name: Abul Khaer Tawhida Akand

ID: 171143052 Lecturer, Depertment of EEE
City University
Name: Md. Habib Hasan
ID: 171143184

Name: Shah Sakib

ID: 171143523
 Introduction 3
The global challenge of providing reliable, clean and cost-effective energy remains
one of the major challenges which the world is facing with this century. The
renewable energy sources are considered as the most important and most effective
solution for the future. The wind energy and the solar energy are considered as the
most effective among the various rentable energy resources, they have made a
rapid and substantial breakthrough in last year’s. Solar energy is an everlasting
source used depending on various techniques such as solar systems. From the local
point of view the photovoltaic systems are zero greenhouse gases emissive which
make energy generation environmentally friendly. Wind energy is also an important
energy source , environmentally and economically competitive and expected to
have a significant role to meet the global challenges of green energy.
 4

Objectives

The objectives of this project are:

• To study about hybrid power generation system.

• To design and construct a hybrid power generation system.

• To test the performance of the hybrid power generation system .

• To improve solar panel’s output efficiency during in sun’s lower

condition.
 5
Required Components
1. Solar Cell.
2. Charge Controller.
3. Battery.
4. Generator Motor
5. Servo Motor
6. LM35 Temperature Sensor.
7. Arduino.
8. Inverter.
9. Magnifying Glass
10. Electrical Load
 Block Diagram 6

Charge Wind
SUN Solar Controller Turbine

Battery Inverter Load

Temperature
Sensor Arduino
Servo Motor

Fig: Block Diagram of Hybrid power generation system

 Circuit Diagram 7

Fig: Circuit Diagram Of Hybrid Power Generation System

 8
Working Principle
This hybrid power generation system works on the principle of auto power
generating from different sources . Here we use a turbine and solar panel for power
generating elements and restore it in a battery . In this project Solar takes sunlight
and produces some energy and stores it battery with the help of a charge controller
system .  Beside this process here also store some power from wind turbine . Here
inverter circuit is convert dc to ac current and supply power in load . Also we use
magnifying glasses with our solar panel to increase the solar efficiency when the sun
is in low condition. For using magnifying glasses there will produce heat. So we use
automatic water cooling system for solar panel so that our solar panel won’t burn.
Image of the Project 9
 Solar Cell 10
A photovoltaic (PV) module is a packaged, connect assembly of typically 6x10
photovoltaic solar cells. Photovoltaic modules constitute the photovoltaic array of
a photovoltaic system that generates and supplies solar electricity in commercial and
residential applications. Each module is rated by its DC output power under standard
test conditions (STC), and typically ranges from 100 to 365 Watts (W).
The efficiency of a module determines the area of a module given the same rated
output – an 8% efficient 230 W module will have twice the area of a 16% efficient 230
W module. There are a few commercially available solar modules that exceed
efficiency of 22%and reportedly also exceeding 24%.A single solar module can
produce only a limited amount of power; most installations contain multiple modules.
A photovoltaic system typically includes an array of photovoltaic modules, an inverter,
a battery pack for storage.

Fig 1: Construction Structured of Solar Cell

 Solar Charge Controller 11
The circuit uses a 12 volt solar panel and a variable voltage regulator IC LM 317. The
solar panel consists of solar cells each rated at 1.2 volts. 12 volt DC is available from
the panel to charge the battery. Charging current passes through D1 to the voltage
regulator IC LM 317. By adjusting its Adjust pin, output voltage and current can be
regulated. VR is placed between the adjust pin and ground to provide an output voltage
of 9 volts to the battery. Resistor R3 Restrict the charging current and diode D2
prevents discharge of current from the battery.
Transistor T1 and Zener diode ZD act as a cutoff switch when the battery is full.
Normally T1 is off and battery gets charging current. When the terminal voltage of the
battery rises above 6.8 volts, Zener conducts and provides base current to T1. It then
turns on grounding the output of LM317 to stop charging.

Fig 2: Solar Charge

Controller
 12V Battery 12
A twelve-volt battery has six single cells in series producing a fully charged output
voltage of 12.6 volts. A battery cell consists of two lead plates a positive plate covered
with a paste of lead dioxide and a negative made of sponge lead, with an insulating
material (separator) in between.

Fig 3 : 12V Battery

 Generator Motor 13
We used 775 dc motor as a generator motor. Which gives us 12v pure dc when it rotates
at 3000rpm.

Fig 4: Generator Motor

 Servo Motor 14
A servo motor is an electrical device which can push or rotate an object with great
precision. If you want to rotate and object at some specific angles or distance, then you
use servo motor. It is just made up of simple motor which run through servo
mechanism. If motor is used is DC powered then it is called DC servo motor, and if it is
AC powered motor then it is called AC servo motor. We can get a very high torque
servo motor in a small and light weight packages. Doe to these features they are being
used in many applications like toy car, RC helicopters and planes, Robotics, Machine
etc.

Fig 5: Servo Motor

 Temperature Sensor 15
LM35 is a precession Integrated circuit Temperature sensor, whose output voltage
varies, based on the temperature around it. It is a small and cheap IC which can be used
to measure temperature anywhere between -55°C to 150°C. It can easily be interfaced
with any Microcontroller that has ADC function or any development platform like
Arduino.

Fig 6: LM 35 Temperature sensor

 ARDUINO NANO 16
The Arduino Nano is a small, complete, and breadboard-friendly board
based on the ATmega328. It has 14 digital input/output pins (of which 6
can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz quartz crystal,
a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP(IN-Circuit Serial Programing)
header and a reset button.

Fig 7: Arduino Nano

 Inverter 17

A power inverter changes DC power from a battery into conventional AC power

that you can use to operate all kinds of devices.

Fig 11: Inverter

 Magnifying Glass 18
A magnifying glass (called a hand lens in laboratory contexts) is a convex lens
that is used to produce a magnified image of an object. A magnifying glass can
be used to focus light, such as to concentrate the sun's radiation to create a hot
spot at the focus for fire starting.

Fig 12: Magnifying glass or Convex lens

 19
Advantages

• No oil consumption.
• Less skill technicians is sufficient to operate.
• It gives simplified very operation.
• Installation is simplified very much.
• Less time and more profit.
• Simple construction
• Efficient than other power generation system
• Work in lower condition of sun
 20
Applications
The project has a major applications:

 It can be used for natural power generation .

 It can be used in factories for tilting large equipment.
 It can be used in road side.
 It can be used alternative power generator .
 It can be used in vehicles.

 
 21
Future Scope

The model can be improved by making some changes in the program

and components. Some suggestions are given below.

• We can add a more power generator option in future .

• In future we can use a lot for long distance control from far way in

this system.
 22

Conclusion
The developed prototype exhibits the expected results. Further modifications
and working limitations will put this work in the main league of use. This
concept saves time & energy which leads to efficient working. The
constructional work or the infrastructural work demands efficient and user
friendly system which will produce energy from sun and wind .
 23

Thank You