Work Energy Power

Prepared By
Anbu S Prabahar
Work
 Definition
 Work is said to be done when a force applied

to an object and make the body to move in

the direction of force.
 Formula
 We can calculate work by multiplying the

force by the movement of the object.

 W = F × d
 Unit
 The SI unit of work is the joule (J)
Energy

 Definition
 In physics, we can define energy as the

capacity to do work.
 Formula
 E = F x d
 Unit
 The SI unit of energy is joules (J), which is

named in honour of James Prescott Joule.

Power
 Definition
 Power can be defined as the rate at which

work is done i.e. energy converted.

 Formula
 The formula for power is
 P = W/t
 Unit
 The unit of power is watt (W).
Types of energy
 Mechanical energy
 Chemical energy
 Electric energy
 Magnetic energy
 Radiant energy
 Nuclear energy
 Ionization energy
 Elastic energy
 Gravitational energy
 Thermal energy/ heat energy
Ek and Ep
 Kinetic energy
 The energy possessed by a body due to its

motion is called it's kinetic energy.

 Potential energy
  The energy possessed by a body on account

of its specific state or position is called it's

potential energy .
Formula
 Kinetic Energy:
 The energy in motion is known as Kinetic

Energy. For example a moving ball, flowing

water etc.
 Kinetic Energy= ½ mv2
 Where,
 m = Mass of the object
 v = Velocity of the object
Potential Energy
 This is the energy stored in an object because of
its position or state. For example: pen on a table,
water in a lake etc.
 the energy possessed by a body on account of its
specific state or position is called it's potential
energy
 Potential Energy = m×g×h
 Where,
 m = Mass of the object (in kilograms)
 g = Acceleration due to gravity
 h = Height in meters
What is the Law of Conservation of Energy?

 The law of conservation of energy states

that energy can neither be created nor be
destroyed. Although, it may be transformed
from one form to another. 
Examples
Sources of energy
 Energy resources can be classified into two types –
Non-renewable and Renewable.
 Non-renewable Resources:
 Fossil fuels like oil, natural gas and coal are known as

non-renewable resources, because once used, this

cannot be renewed by natural process or means.
 Renewable Resources:
 Natural resources like wind, water, solar, and

geothermal are called renewable resources as they

come from sources that regenerate it back after
consumption and are continuously available in nature.
Types of energy based on their resources are :

 Coal
 Geothermal
 Hydrogen
 Hydro-power
 Natural Gas
 Nuclear
 Oil
 Solar
 Wind
 Wood
 A steel ball of mass 100g falls from a height of 2m
on to a plate. What is its P.E before the fall? What is
its K.E as it touches the plate?
 What is its velocity as it touches the plate?
 It then, rebound to a height 0.8m. What is its PE at

that height? What is its velocity as it leaves the plate

for rebound?
 2. Water flows down from Niagara falls at a height of

75m. What is its velocity as it touches the bottom of

the fall? If the 4 x 10(5) kg of water falls per second,
what is the power available at the bottom of the fall?
Efficiency

 Efficiency η =
  
 Efficiency η = poweroutput
x100
powerinput
  

 Efficiency η = loadxloadd is tan ce

x100
effortxeff ortdis tan ce
 A drum of mass 80kg is pushed into the
truck by a force of 300N. What is the work
done by the effort? What is the useful work
done on the load? . By considering the plank
as a simple machine, calculate the efficiency
of the plank.
