DISCRETE

PROBABILITY
DISTRIBUTION
 The learners illustrate a random variable (discrete
and continuous).
MOST The learners distinguish between a discrete and a
ESSENTIA continuous random variable.
L The learners find the possible values of a random
LEARNING variable.
COMPETE The learners illustrate a probability distribution for a
discrete random variable and its properties.
NCIES
The learners compute probabilities corresponding
to a given random variable.
 Countable or
Measurable
Identify whether the given situation is countable
or measurable. Write LIKE if it is countable and
UNLIKE if it is measurable.
Number of notebooks
in the bag
 Amount of salt
needed to bake a loaf
of bread
 Number of students
who got an average
grade of 85 and above
The capacity of an
auditorium
Length of blackboard
 GUIDE QUESTIONS:
• What are the similarities of the given
examples?
• How are you going to define a
variable?
• When do you say that the given
variable is countable? Measurable?
 VARIABLE

QUANTITATIVE QUALITATIVE

CONTINUOUS

DISCRETE
 Illustrative Examples:

Distinguish if the given data

represents a quantitative or
qualitative variable. If it is
quantitative variable determine
if it is discrete or continuous.
number of messages
you received in fb

QUANTITATIVE - DISCRETE
 age of Filipino
Presidents

QUANTITATIVE - CONTINUOUS
number of buildings
in TNCHS

QUANTITATIVE - DISCRETE
preferred subject of
HUMSS students

QUALITATIVE
 monthly income
of factory workers

QUANTITATIVE - CONTINUOUS
KNOW THE VALUES
 • Write three names of your
DO THE classmates. (1 boy and 2 girls).
INDICAT • Investigate the possible number of
ED girls being selected if teacher will
TASKS: choose 2 students among that
members in the group.
GUIDE QUESTIONS:
1.How did you investigate the possible
values of random variable G
representing the number of girls being
selected?
2.Is there a possibility that the teacher will
select 2 girls per group? Why?
3.How did you arrive with the final
answer?
VALUES OF RANDOM
VARIABLE
 Values of Random Variable

It is a numerical quantity that is

assigned to the outcome of an
experiment. We use capital letters to
represent a random variable.
 Try this:
There are 2 boys and 1 girl in the
group. If the teacher will select 2
students per group, determine the
values of random variable G
representing the number of girls
being selected.
Steps:
1. Analyze the problem by determining if the given numbers
are possible or not.
2 BOYS 1 GIRL POSSIBLE OR
(B) (G) NOT
2 0 Possible
1 1 Possible
0 2 Not
2. List the possible values of random variable G.
Final Answer: G = {0, 1}
Suppose three coins
are tossed and we are 3 3 TAILS POSSIBLE OR
interested to determine HEADS (T) NOT
(H)
the number of tails that
3 0 Possible
will come out. Let us 2 1 Possible
use T to represent the 1 2 Possible
number of tails that will 0 3 Possible
come out. Determine
the values of random
variable T. Final Answer: T = {0, 1, 2, 3}
Pineapple is one of the
5P 2U POSSIBLE
famous delicacies at OR NOT
Tagaytay, Cavite. If Mrs.
Soriano bought 5 ripe 4 0 Possible
pineapples (P) and 2 unripe 3 1 Possible
pineapples (U). Determine the
values of the random variable
2 2 Possible
U representing the number of 1 3 Not
unripe pineapples if Mrs. 0 4 Not
Soriano will only take 4
pineapples in the basket to
prepare for her family’s lunch. Final Answer: U = {0, 1, 2}
Suppose a box contains 9
5 Unripe 4 Ripe POSSIBL
bananas and that 5 of them
(X) (Y) E OR
are unripe. Further NOT
suppose a sample of 6 6 0 Not
bananas is selected at 5 1 Possible
random from the box. 4 2 Possible
Define the random variable 3 3 Possible
X as the number of unripe 2 4 Possible
bananas in the sample and 1 5 Not
Y for the number of ripe 0 6 Not
bananas in the sample.
Find the values of random Final Answer:
variable X. X = {2, 3, 4, 5}
 DISCRETE
PROBABILITY
DISTRIBUTION
Properties:
1. All probabilities must be between
0 to 1.
 
2. The sum of the probabilities
must be equal to 1. ()
Illustrative Examples:
A. Determine whether the distribution represents a
probability distribution or not.
Y 2 4 6 8

P(y)

X 0 1 2 3

P(x) 0.35 0.20 0.15 0.30

Illustrative Examples:
A. Determine whether the distribution represents a
probability distribution or not.
A 3 6 9 12

P(A)

B 3 6 9 12

P(B) 0.25 -0.15 0.40 0.20

 
Suppose three coins are
tossed and we are
interested to determine the 3
3 TAILS POSSIBLE OR
HEADS
number of tails that will (H)
(T) NOT
come out. Let us use T to 3 0 Possible
represent the number of 2 1 Possible
tails that will come out. 1 2 Possible
Determine the values of 0 3 Possible
random variable T. Find
the probabilities of the T = {0, 1, 2, 3}
P(T2) and P(T>3)
 Coins
Value of T Frequency
(3)

1 
3C3
3

3 
2 3C2

1 C1 3 
3

0 3C0
1 
DISCRETE PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION
Value of T Frequency P(T)
1 
3 1 8
3 
2 3 8
3 
1 3 8
1 
0 1 8
 
Total 8
PROBABILITY MASS FUNCTION

T 0 1 2 3

P(T)

CDF  𝟏  𝟒 𝟏 𝟕   𝟖
= =𝟏
𝟖 𝟖 𝟐 𝟖 𝟖
  

 
𝐏 (𝑻 ≤ 𝟐 )

 
𝐏 (𝑻 >𝟑 )
Because there is no value of T that is
greater than 3.
Pineapple is one of the
POSSIBLE
famous delicacies at 5P 2U
OR NOT
Tagaytay, Cavite. If Mrs.
Soriano bought 5 ripe 4 0 Possible
pineapples (P) and 2 unripe 3 1 Possible
pineapples (U). Determine the
2 2 Possible
values of the random variable
U representing the number of 1 3 Not
unripe pineapples if Mrs. 0 4 Not
Soriano will only take 4
pineapples in the basket to
prepare for her family’s lunch. Final Answer: U = {0, 1, 2}
 Ripe
Value of U Unripe (2) frequency
(5)

2 2C2 5 C2 10

1 2C1 5 C3 20

0 2C0 5 C4 5

7 C4= 35
DISCRETE PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION

Value of U Frequency P(U)

 10 2
2 10 𝑜𝑟
35 7
 20 4
1 20 35
𝑜𝑟
7
 5 1
0 5 35
𝑜𝑟
7
 
Total 35
PROBABILITY MASS FUNCTION

U 0 1 2

P(U)

 𝟏 𝟓   𝟕
CDF =𝟏
𝟕 𝟕 𝟕
 

(At least implies greater than or

equal while at most implies less
than or equal.)
Suppose a box contains 9
5 Unripe 4 Ripe POSSIBL
bananas and that 5 of them
(X) (Y) E OR
are unripe. Further NOT
suppose a sample of 6 6 0 Not
bananas is selected at 5 1 Possible
random from the box. 4 2 Possible
Define the random variable 3 3 Possible
X as the number of unripe 2 4 Possible
bananas in the sample and 1 5 Not
Y for the number of ripe 0 6 Not
bananas in the sample.
Find the values of random Final Answer:
variable X. X = {2, 3, 4, 5}
 Ripe
Value of X Unripe (5) frequency
(4)
5 C5 C1 4
5 4

4 C4 C2 30
5 4

3 C3 C3 40
5 4

2 C2 C4 10
5 4

9 C6= 84
DISCRETE PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION

Value of X Frequency P(X)

 4 1
5 4 𝑜𝑟
84 21
 30 5
4 30 𝑜𝑟
84 14
 40 10
3 40 𝑜𝑟
84 21
 10 5
2 10 𝑜𝑟
84 42
 
Total 84
PROBABILITY MASS FUNCTION

X 2 3 4 5

P(X)

 𝟓  𝟐𝟓  𝟒𝟎
CDF  𝟒𝟐
=𝟏
𝟒𝟐 𝟒𝟐 𝟒𝟐 𝟒𝟐
 

P(X
Asynchronous Activities: GCR
Answer the following:
• Application on page 11.
• Assessment on pages 12-13.
Note: Show solution.
Maam Lene