ECE3013 – LINEAR INTEGRATED

CIRCUTS

MODULE-III
OP-AMP
WITH DIODES

Dr.S.UMADEVI
Associate Professor, SENSE,
VIT Chennai
 MODULE-III

Logarithmic
Logarithmic Amplifiers
Amplifiers

Rectifiers
Rectifiers

OP-AMP WITH Peak

Peak Detector
Detector
DIODES
Voltage
Voltage Regulation
Regulation

LM117/LM317
LM117/LM317 Regulators
Regulators
RECTIFIER

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 RECTIFIER[Op-amp with precision diode]
 Diode:
Two terminal electronic component that conduct primarily in one
direction
Allowing direction -> R α 0;
Not allowing direction -> open circuited -> R α ∞

 Rectifiers:
Electronic device which convert ac signal to pulsating dc signal

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 RECTIFIER[Op-amp with precision diode]
 A major limitation of ordinary diode is that it can’t rectify the voltage
below 0.6V (v*), the cut-in voltage of the diode
 Precision diode:
Capable of rectifying input signals of the order of millivolt

 A circuit that act as a ideal diode can be designed by placing a diode in

the feedback loop of op-amp

 Here the cut-in voltage is divided by the open-loop gain of the op-amp.
So that cut-in voltage of diode is virtually eliminated

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RECTIFIER

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 RECTIFIER

• Vin increasing in +ve direction -> V0A also increases until diode D1 is forward biased-> closes a FB loop->
op-amp works as a voltage follower -> V0 = Vin during +ve cycle

• Vin increasing in –ve direction -> V0A also increases in –ve direction -> diode reverse biased->opens the
feedback loop-> Vo=0V

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RECTIFIER

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RECTIFIER

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RECTIFIER

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RECTIFIER

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LOG AMPLIFIER

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 LOG AMPLIFIER
 Log amplifier is a linear circuit in which the output voltage will be a constant times the
natural logarithm of the input.

 The basic output equation of a log amplifier is Vout = K ln(Vin/Vref); where Vref is the
constant of normalization, and K is the scale factor.

 Log amplifier finds a lot of application in electronic fields like multiplication or division
(they can be performed by the addition and subtraction of the logs of the operand), signal
processing, computerized process control, compression, decompression, RMS value
detection etc.

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 LOG AMPLIFIER
 Basically there are two log amp configurations: Op amp-diode log
amplifier and Op amp-transistor log.

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 LOG AMPLIFIER

 The schematic of a simple Op amp-diode log amplifier is an op amp

wired in closed loop inverting configuration with a diode in the feedback
path.

 The voltage across the diode will be always proportional to the log of
the current through it

 When a diode is placed in the feedback path of an op amp in inverting

mode, the output voltage will be proportional to the negative log of the
input current.
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 LOG AMPLIFIER
 Since the input current is proportional to the input voltage, we can say
that the output voltage will be proportional to the negative log of the
input voltage.

 According to the PN junction diode equation, the relationship between

current and voltage for a diode is,
Id = Is (e(Vd/Vt)-1)…………(1)
Where Id is the diode current,
Is is the saturation current,
Vd is the voltage across the diode
Vt is the thermal voltage.
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