Green Computing

Dr.Rajeshwari B S
Assistant Professor
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
B.M.S College of Engineering
Bangalore
 Green Enterprise Architecture
• A GEA is an EA that provides sound basis for the organization to transform its systems,
applications and processes that would eventually support a green organization.

• The enterprise level architectural concepts are extended in GEA to provide long term,
strategic basis for updating the existing systems, procuring future system and integrating
them into the day to day activities of the green organization.
 Green Enterprise Architecture: Advantages
• Extending an EA to a GEA and then using that GEA as a basis for transforming the systems,
applications and processes of an organization to a green one provide the following advantages.

1. The relationship of the systems within the current EA to the new Green IT systems and applications.

2. Alignment of existing and new infrastructure, operations, systems and applications with each other
and with the environmentally responsible business strategies (ERBS) of the organization in a strategic
manner (well planned).

3. Creation and description of commonly used terminologies, semantics and business rules relating to
the organization as well as to its green initiatives.
 Green Enterprise Architecture: Advantages
4. Creation of specific green IT frameworks that are based on known architectural frameworks
are developed.

5. Provide basis for changes to the large applications supporting the organization such as the
CRM, SCM, HR and financial application.

6. Reduce the risks associated with incorporating new carbon contents within the
organization.(carbon emission, benchmark)

7. Facilitate incorporation of service orientation architecture and web services in green

systems.

8. Explore the possibilities of cloud computing in green IT.

 Green Information system
• GIS are the combination of implementing a new software system together with significant upgrade
of and integration with the existing systems.

• Following activities are undertaken

 Integration of new systems with existing organizational systems.

 Conversion of existing organizational data in a new format that will enable use of that data in
calculating carbon emissions after the organization has transformed.

 Creation of suite of green services using SOA and WS.

 Applying mobile technologies to provide location independence and personalization to GIS interfaces
with green information portals that facilitae collaboration.

 Quality assurance and testing of Green info systems.

Views of Green Enterprise Architecture

Figure shows various architectural views together

with the key functionality and the roles that hold
primary responsibility within the those views.

The green information architecture (GIA) shown in

upper half of figure, primary deals with the models
of information capture and information
provisioning to both external and internal parties in
the business space.

The information architect and the business analyst

work in this space identifying and modelling the
information requirements.
Views of Green Enterprise Architecture
Green solution architecture appearing in the lower half of the
architectural spaces deals with the design and development
of systems from a technical perspective.

This solution architecture primarily handles models and

implementation of contents, networks, applications, their
testing and deployment.

The solution architect predominantly works in this space

supported by the systems analysts and developer.

Finally, all encompassing GEA depicted in the background in

the figure provides the constraints across all the systems and
applications.

These three form the basic enterprise architectural views of

the organization.
 Green Enterprise Architecture- Categories of Requirements
• The GEA is not an independent entity, while a GEA deals with constraints, compliance,
integration, performance and security issues. Figure expand and groups the various activities that form GEA.
Green customer requirements.
 Green IT and Organizational System
Organizational System
• Figure shows the significant areas of
organization systems affected by •These are the core systems that are primarily
changes due to Green IT processes internal to the organization.

•For eg: the typical CRM,SCM and Payroll

applications that need to be updated with the new
carbon data and that also need to be integrated
with the GIS.

External Systems

•External system are external interfaces of the

organizational systems.
 Green IT and Organizational System
• On the right side of the figure shows the various IT areas that
need to be handled when an organization embraces Green IT.

• Conversion of some of the existing data that will ensure it

works well with the new carbon data.

• Integration of data with applications as well as across

applications that are both existing business applications as
Infrastructure
• These are communication networks well as new carbon specific applications.
and servers. • Standards dealing with web services interface.
• They change to replace existing
• Testing of new applications and interfaces.
carbon-intense equipment and also
• Deployment of new applications.
provide basis for GIS communication
• Training of users as well as support personnel for the new
and integration.
green applications.
 Green Solution Architecture
Data
Figure highlights basic
•Deals with creation of new carbon data and modification of
considerations on a GSA.
existing enterprise data.

•This would involve building interfaces or wrappers around

legacy systems to include green data in the reporting modules.
Services
•This include the functions, applications and their use in
analyzing green data.
•Data •It trends to estimate emission, enable reporting.
•Service
•The amount of services that need to be exposed externally is
• Interfaces a solution architect’s decision.
 Green Solution Architecture
Figure highlights basic considerations Interfaces
on a GSA. • These are primarily the display mechanism of the
services and applications. Three interfaces: GUI,
reporting and related physical interfaces and web
service interface.

•They form the front end of GSA.

•Data

•Service

• Interfaces
 Evolving Green System Architecture
• Figure shows evolving green • The linear green processes would be the typical business
processes such as customer, supplier, and accounting.
system architecture: basic to linear
• Linear processes also include totally new green processes within
process and then collaborative
the organization such as counting the carbon PPM.(412 PPMthat

green processes. means in one million particles of air there are 412 particles of carbon dioxide.)

• The collaborative processes on the right will include the data,

service, interfaces and security that encompass all the
aforementioned processes that are now interconnected through
WS.
• These collaborative processes are both internal and external to the
organization. For eg: the customer processes are modified internally,
through their data models to reflect the carbon in a particular sale of
product. When that customer process is exposed as a WS, the
modifications are to the interfaces of the CRM-an external impact.
 Aspects of Green Solution Architecture
• Figure shows various aspects of a • Green solution architecture deals with internal recording
services, external carbon reporting, implementation of SaaS
Green solution architecture
based solutions, collaborative green services and also technology
based opportunities for new green services.

• On the right side of the figure shows technologies that can be used
to deal with GSA.
• Cloud Computing
• Virtualization
• Smart Networks
• Real Time Decision Making
• Alignment
• Optimization
• Integration
 Green Supply Chain Management
• SCM integral to procurement and use of Advantages

equipment's and corresponding

infrastructureISCM.

• Incorporate environmental considerations

within ISCM resulting in Green Supply
Chain Management.
 Green Portals in Green Enterprise Architecture
• Green ICT portals can collect (source) and
provide (disseminate) information in
various ways. Figure shows the external
and internal aspects of these data
collections and dissemination strategies
for an organization.
Green Information System: Design and
Development Models
 Green Information System
• Green Information System(GIS) is a system that is dedicated to management of carbon data.

• GIS forms basis the basis for measuring, monitoring and reporting on the carbon data of the
organization.

• This chapter focus on design and development aspects of GIS.

• GIS is a software system that provides support business to implement its environment responsible
business strategies.

• Some aspects of this system are similar to any other software system-it has underlying carbon emission
data that is gleaned from the devices that emit carbon.

• It has processes and applications that help analyze that data, identify the trends and eventually, it has
interfaces that present, report and interact with the external sources of carbon services.
 Phases in a GIS Development and Deployment
• Figure shows major phases in the
development and deployment of GIS.

• It mainly include three phases:

Develop

Configure
• Develop: This is considered as an important
Use
phase of SDLC which includes requirements,
analysis, design, code, testing. Analysis and
design of the system is undertaken using UML
diagrams that helps in modeling the problem and
develop a solution.
 Phases in a GIS Development and Deployment
• Configure: Configuring GIS according to
benchmarks and rules of organization.
This would be an activity specific to each
organization.

• Use: Use of GIS will lead to ongoing

recording of carbon data, creation of
report as well as comparisons.
 Features of Green Information System
• The features of a GIS that play a significant role in enhancing this ability of business to
coordinate its environmentally responsible approaches are:

1. Collecting environmental related data in real time. the GIS has to be geared to collect data
such as number of devices in use and on standby.

2. Providing querying tools, key performance indicators (KPI’s) and business analytics to field
workers and decision makers that enables closing down of unused servers, desktops and
other equipments.

3. Enhancing the decision making capabilities of senior management by collecting and

computing up to date information from varied external sources (government regulatory
bodies and weather information) and feeding that into GIS.
 Features of Green Information System
• GIS substantiates (validates)the green effort of the organization through the metrics.

• GIS can continuously identify and upgrade business processes and business practices in
manufacturing, sales and field support operations in order to make them environmentally
responsible.
 Modeling and Architecting GIS - Requirements,
Design, Implementation and Testing
• The UML has been used in presenting the models of the GIS. The modeling constructs of
UML are:

 Package Diagram  Sequence Diagrams

 Use Cases  State Machine Diagrams
 Use Case Diagrams  Component Diagrams
 Activity Graphs  Deployment Diagrams
 Class Diagrams
 Modeling and Architecting GIS - Requirements,
Design, Implementation and Testing
Package Diagram
•Used to create and model subsystems/ Green
Information portals.
 Modeling and Architecting GIS - Requirements,
Design, Implementation and Testing
Use case Diagram
•Provides a model describing all the
related business
processes/functionalities of a
particular package.
 Modeling and Architecting GIS - Requirements,
Design, Implementation and Testing
Activity Diagram
•Provides a detailed view of every step of
a business process. They provide the
flow within a case or package of GIS.
 Modeling and Architecting GIS - Requirements,
Design, Implementation and Testing
Class Diagram

•Provides a static model of GIS

based on its key business entities.
 Modeling and Architecting GIS - Requirements,
Design, Implementation and Testing
Sequence Diagram

•Provides a model for the

interaction between the objects
and also rules for these
interactions that are architectural
decision.
 Modeling and Architecting GIS - Requirements,
Design, Implementation and Testing
State machine Diagram

•Provides a view in which a

particular entity passes through
different states as business process
is executed.
 Modeling and Architecting GIS - Requirements,
Design, Implementation and Testing
Component Diagram

•Used to show the interaction of

every component with each other.
 Modeling and Architecting GIS - Requirements,
Design, Implementation and Testing
Deployment Diagram

•Used to show the way application

will be deployed including
hardware and related
infrastructure.
 GIS Requirements
• Green ICT system analysis and design is performed using UML.
• UML diagrams such as use case, class, sequence, activity, state machine, package, component
and deployment diagrams are used in modelling and designing the system.
• A typical GIS would involve two subsystems:
• Green Organizational Portal (GOP)
• Regulatory Standard Portal (RSP)

• Green Organizational Portal

• GOP focuses on the capture of emission data and its comparison with the emission standards.
• These standards, set by regulators are made available through the RSP.
• The GOP is made up of organizational data on its “green” performance.
 GIS Requirements
• The organizational portal should have the ability to record the energy ratings of all the devices
used within the organization such as computers, vehicles, air-conditioners and fridges.

• Regulatory Standards Portal

• Regulatory portal provides

Reporting
Reporting
Reporting
Reporting
 Managing the Challenges of Telecommuting
• Some of the big challenges that we are likely to encounter as we begin to telecommute for the
first time are:

1. Setting up Expectations

2. Managing the Time Effectively

3. Setting up Boundaries while everyone gets used to the new routine

4. Staying in the Loop

5. Demonstrating your Value

6. Being on the Radar for Promotion

 Managing the Challenges of Telecommuting
Establishing Expectations (Outlook)
Here are a few questions to ask

1.Are any employees in your company telecommuting now?

2.Is anyone in your department telecommuting?

3.If yes, how is workflow handled?

4.How many days a week do they work at home?

5.Do employees have remote access to their computers in the office?

6.What challenges have cropped up?

7.How have those challenges been resolved?

8.What kind of lessons have already been learned from telecommuting experiences in your
workplace?
 Managing the Challenges of Telecommuting
Establishing Expectations (Outlook)
9. Along with that need to know pros and cons of working at home
Pros
Won’t need to drive to the office
Can use their own green laptop to access their work files remotely
Better use of time for creative projects
Easily accessible via remote access and cellphones
Cons
Will miss special lunches with staff
Will need to schedule database work for Tuesday-Thursday, when I am in the office
Will be able to meet with vendors only on Tuesday-Thursday
Won't there for quick meeting on work at home days.
 Managing the Challenges of Telecommuting
Managing Time Effectively
Here are few ideas
1.If you are able to remote into your office system, keep your daily calendar up to date and share it
with others on your team. This helps them to see what you have planned for your time at home.

2.Send an e-mail message to your team leader or supervisor in the morning to give a quick update on
your projects.

3.Let team members who are waiting on items from you know instantly when you send something
in.

4.Participate in the conference calls, interviews and any other group or leadership events remotely.

5. Keep track of the fuel and CO2, you’re saving as you work at home. This encourages you and
reinforces the decision.
 Managing the Challenges of Telecommuting
Distractions and Boundaries
Reinforce your working boundaries
What works
1.Setting formal “don’t disturb me unless your hairs on fair” work hours
2.Creating a work at home calendar to post on the fridge
3.Communicate to your family why you want to work at home, what need to accomplish during the day.
4.Communicate your expectations clearly to your colleagues at the office-when it’s okay to call, when it
isn’t.
What doesn’t work
1.Shouting, “Will you guys just leave me alone”?
2.Locking everyone out of your office
3.Getting interrupted 10 times an hour
4.Giving up and going back to the office.
 You’re set to Telecommute: Now What
• Your employer is open to you telecommuting for a day or week. What should you do next?
Arrange for the Data Exchange

Sorting out Software Licenses

Meeting here, there and Everywhere

Resolving Difficulties
Arrange for the Data Exchange

• One of the biggest consideration is how will arrange to receive, work with and transmit files.

• If your work involves reports, documents, images and spreadsheets that you create, modify and
share using common applications like word, excel, PowerPoint.

• You can likely move files back and forth from your computer to your home computer by e-
mailing them or transporting them on a flash drive.
 You’re set to Telecommute: Now What
Sorting out Software Licenses
•Another consideration worth thinking involves the use of extra software that requires specific
license seats. For e.g.: if we are using AdobeDream weaver CS4 at the office, but we need it on
your home computer? If so, how that be handled.
Meeting here, there and Everywhere
Telecommuting successfully means, on the days when you’re out of the office, you can still
attend important meetings by participating by phone or on the web through Skype, WebEx.
Resolving Difficulties
•Chances are that whatever issues arise, they have something to do with one of the three Ps:
•People
•Projects
•Process
•Along with that three Cs: clear, compassionate, communication which can help keep thing as
smooth as possible.
 Chapter 14: Telecomm Central: The Green Home Office
Peering Through Green Lens at Your Home Office
•The basic principles of greening involve reducing your consumptions, reusing what you can and
recycling the rest.

•Use the following questions to help you look at your needs for office space through greener lens

Reduce

Reuse

Recycle
 Chapter 14: Telecomm Central: The Green Home Office
Peering Through Green Lens at Your Home Office
Reduce
•Can you reduce the amount of tech equipment (Laptop, printers, scanners and more) you use
on a daily basis, sticking perhaps with one laptop and turning on the printer only when needed?

•Can you consolidate the area you use to create a compact but comfortable workspace?

•How can you use natural lighting to reduce the amount of electricity pumping into the area?

•Can you use blinds (shades) and floor coverings to help manage room temperature, so you can
turn the thermostat up or down?

•Do you have any reduction plan that helps you minimize the use of paper and plastics in your
work area?
 Chapter 14: Telecomm Central: The Green Home Office
Peering Through Green Lens at Your Home Office
Reuse
•What do you already have around the house that you can use for the desk, chair, storage,
bookshelves?
•What in your home can be reused to support your work effort?
•How can you share resources in a way that benefits the rest of the house?
•What items in the attic (upper flour) could be given a second life in a home workspace?
Recycle
•Do you have older equipment in your workspace that you want to replace with newer , greener
equipment?
•Are you planning to recycle all office supplies you can- toner, cartridges, paper, books?
•How often do you take a look at what you’re recycling to see whether you can ramp it up a bit?
Chapter 14: Telecomm Central: The Green Home Office
Figuring out what you need to work Efficiently
 Chapter 14: Telecomm Central: The Green Home Office
Envisioning The Layout
•Instead of running to the store and buying a pack of grid paper you will never use again, use
Microsoft PowerPoint to sketch the layout of your room.
 Chapter 14: Telecomm Central: The Green Home Office
Choosing Your Office Location
•While choosing the spot for your workspace, keep these ideas in mind
 Chapter 14: Telecomm Central: The Green Home Office
Talking Green Furnishing
•After you know the general layout of the room, you can start to think about what kinds of
furnishings you need.
Chapter 15: Collaborating and Cloud Computing
Communicating with the Office
 Chapter 15: Collaborating and Cloud Computing
Exploring Communication Options
1.Adding your work e-mail address to a web based account
•Some Web-based message clients, like Windows Live Hotmail, enable
•You to include your work e-mail address as a proxy address so that clients, vendors and
colleagues who may not recognize your Web-based email recognize your work address.
•Steps to include your work email address to a web based account
 Chapter 15: Collaborating and Cloud Computing
Just-in-Time Messaging
•Another way to be immediately accessible to the office involves using the right now approach of
instant messaging.

Popular Instant Messaging programs include these:

Windows Live Messenger

AOL instant messaging

Yahoo! Messanger

Skype
 Chapter 15: Collaborating and Cloud Computing
Just-in-Time Messaging
•The idea behind the instant messaging is very simple. The instant messaging program shows
you which of your contacts is currently online. You can then double click the name of one of your
online friends to open an instant message window, type a message to the person and click send
as shown in below figure