Chapter 3

At constant temperature the voltage is directly

proportional to the current flowing through the
conductor.
 SI UNIT:-ohm

Principles of Electric Circuits - Floyd © Copyright 2006 Prentice-Hall

Chapter 3
Summary

Review of V, I, and R

(V)Voltage the amount of energy per charge available to

is move electrons from one point to another in a circuit.
(I)Current the rate of charge flow and is measured in
is amperes.

(R)Resistance is the opposition to current and is measured

in ohms.

Principles of Electric Circuits - Floyd © Copyright 2006 Prentice-Hall

Chapter 3
Summary
The most important fundamental law in electronics is
Ohm’s law, which relates voltage, current, and resistance.

Georg Simon Ohm (1787-1854) studied the relationship

between voltage, current, and resistance and formulated
the equation that bears his name.

V
I
R

What is the current in from a 12 V source if the

resistance is 10 ? 1.2 A

Principles of Electric Circuits - Floyd © Copyright 2006 Prentice-Hall

Chapter
Summary 3

Ohm’s law

If you need to solve for voltage, Ohm’s law is:

V  IR

What is the voltage across a 680  resistor if the

current is 26.5 mA? 18 V

Principles of Electric Circuits - Floyd © Copyright 2006 Prentice-Hall

Chapter 3
Summary
Ohm’s law
V
If you need to solve for resistance, Ohm’s law is: R 
I

What is the (hot)

resistance of the bulb? 132  O FF V
Hz

115 V V

m V

A Ra n g e
A u t o ra n g e 1 s

To u c h / H o ld 1 s
10 A
V

40 m A C O M

Fu se d

Principles of Electric Circuits - Floyd © Copyright 2006 Prentice-Hall

Chapter 3
Summary
A student takes data for a resistor and fits the straight
lineGraph
shown toofthe
Current versus
data. What Voltage
is the resistance and the
conductance of the resistor?
16

The slope represents the 14

conductance.
14.8 mA - 0 mA 12
G  1.48 mS

I (m A )
10.0 V - 0 V
The reciprocal of the 8
conductance is the
4
resistance:
1 1
R    676 Ω 0
0 2 4 6 8 10
G 1.48 mS
V (V )

Principles of Electric Circuits - Floyd © Copyright 2006 Prentice-Hall

Chapter 3
Summary
Graph of Current versus Voltage
Notice that the plot of 10

current versus voltage for a 8 .0

fixed resistor is a line with
a positive slope. What is

C u rren t (m A )
6 .0

the resistance indicated by

4 .0
the graph? 2.7 k
2 .0

What is its 0
conductance? 0.37 mS 0 10
V o lta g e (V )
20 30

Principles of Electric Circuits - Floyd © Copyright 2006 Prentice-Hall

Chapter 3
Summary
Graph of Current versus Resistance
10
If resistance is varied
for a constant voltage, 8.0

the current verses

Current (mA)
6.0
resistance curve plots a
hyperbola. 4.0

2.0

What is the curve for 0

a 3 V source? 0 1.0 2.0 3.0
Resistance (kW )

Principles of Electric Circuits - Floyd © Copyright 2006 Prentice-Hall

Chapter 3
Summary

Application of Ohm’s law 26.8 mA

The resistor is green-blue

brown-gold. What should the
m e te r -
D C A m
ammeter read? +

P o w e r S u p p ly

V A

+15 V
G nd 5 V 2A - + - +

Principles of Electric Circuits - Floyd © Copyright 2006 Prentice-Hall

Chapter 3
Selected Key Terms
Linear Characterized by a straight-line relationship.

Ohm’s law A law stating that current is directly

proportional to voltage and inversely
proportional to current.

Troubleshooting A systematic process of isolating, identifying,

and correcting a fault in a circuit or system.

Principles of Electric Circuits - Floyd © Copyright 2006 Prentice-Hall

Chapter 3
REPRESENTATION OF OHM’S LAW
Ammeter

Voltmeter

Resistor

cell

switch

Principles of Electric Circuits - Floyd © Copyright 2006 Prentice-Hall

Chapter 3

LIMITATION OF OHM’S LAW

1.V ceases to be proportional to I

2.The relation between V and I depends upon the sign of V

3.The relation between V and I is not unique.

Principles of Electric Circuits - Floyd © Copyright 2006 Prentice-Hall