PUNJAB GK BASIC

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 MAP OF OLD PUNJAB

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 MAP OF PUNJAB

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 ABOUT PUNJAB

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 DIFFERENT NAME IN THE HISTORY OF
PUNJAB..
Vedic age-(2700- 1500) In RIG VEDAS ,the oldest
religious scripture in the world,the word Sapt
sindhu, or land of seven rivers is used for the area.
Sapta in Sanskrit means seven and sindhu means
sea. The Indus River had been so huge that to the
Aryans it looked like a sea.
So the oldest name of Punjab we come across is
Sapta Sindhu.
The Punjab is the 'Sapta Sindhu' region mentioned
in the Rig Veda, the seven rivers are:
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 SEVEN RIVER…
Saraswati(thought to be the present day Ghaggar)
Satadru/Shutadri (Sutlej)
Vipasa (Beas)
Asikani, (Chenab)
Iravati (Ravi)
Vitasta/Vet (Jhelum) and
Sindhu (Indus)

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 Sources
 Jhelum from Verinag (SE Kashmir),
Chenab from Bara Lacha Pass (Lahaul-Spiti,
H.P)
Ravi from Kullu Hills near Rohtang Pass in
Beas from a place near Rohtang Pass.
and Satluj from Mansarovar — Rakas lakes in
Tibet.

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 RIVERS
Ravi River Cross 3 District of Punjab
1. Pathankot 2. Gurdaspur 3. Amritsar
Beas River Cross 6 District Of Punjab
1. Pathankot 2. Gurdaspur 3. Amritsar
4. Hoshiarpur 5. Kapurthala 6. Tarantaran
Sutlej River Cross 9 District Of Punjab

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 RIVER IN PUNJAB

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 -PUNJAB NAME..
The holy book, Zend Avesta of
Zoroastrians, also gives us the geographic
description of this land.. It is Hafta Hindva
whch is spread over seven rivers’.

During Mahabharata time Punjab

called pancha-nada 'country of five rivers.

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 PUNJAB NAME..
 Panini also used the word Vahik for Punjab, his homeland, in
his universally celebrated book of Sanskrit grammar
‘Ashtadhyayi’. The meaning of the word, Panini explains, is ‘a
region free of religious orthodoxy’
 Alexander times –according to this era Punjab called Penta
Potamia,land of five river
 The name Punjab  first known mention of the word Punjab is
in the writings of Ibn Batūtā, who visited the region in the 14th
century in india.
 The name is mentioned again in Ain-e-Akbari (part 1), written
by Abul Fazal, who also mentions that the territory of Punjab
was divided into two provinces, Lahore and Multan.

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 PUNJAB NAME..
Similarly in the second volume of Ain-e-Akbari, the title of a
chapter includes the word Panjnad in it.
The Mughal King Jahangir also mentions the
word Panjab in Tuzk-i-Janhageeri. Punjab, derived
from Persian  literally means "five" (panj) "waters" (āb),
i.e., the Land of Five Rivers
Sutlej, Beas, Ravi, Chenab and Jehlum , referring to the
five rivers which go through it. IN the end we can say land of
five river is called PUNJAB …
Punjab = Punj + Aab 
ਪੰਜਾਬ = ਪੰਜ + ਆਬ 
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 PUNJAB NAME REMEMBER IN SHORT-

Vedic - Sapt sindhu

Mahabharata -Pancha-nada
Panini -Vahik
Alexander times –Penta Potamia
Zend Avesta of Zoroastrians, - Hafta Hindva
Present -Punjab

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 BASIC PUNJAB GK
Punjab Situated is in North West of India
The Shape of the Punjab State is Triangular
Total area of Punjab is 50,362 km².
Rural-48265 km².96%
Urban-2097 km².4%
Capital -Chandigarh
Lahore was the capital of undivided Punjab which was now
part of Pakistan.
 Punjabi is one of the 22 languages with official status in India
Punjabi is 2nd official language in Haryana, Himachal and
Delhi
Punjabi has first language status in Chandigarh

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 CHANDIGARH
This city has been designed by
French architect Le Corbusier

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 CHANDIGARH
This is the first modern town established as a planned city.
At present, Chandigarh serves as the capital of Punjab and Haryana.
Chandigarh was the dream city of India's first Prime
Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru.
American planner and architect Albert Mayer was tasked to design
a new city called "Chandigarh" in 1949.
The government carved out Chandigarh of nearly 50 Pwadhi speaking
villages of the then state of East Punjab, India.
Mayer discontinued his work on Chandigarh after developing a
master plan for the city when his architect-partner Matthew
Nowicki died in a plane crash in 1950.
Government officials recruited Le Corbusier to succeed Mayer and
Nowicki,

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 Chandigarh
Shimla was the temporary capital of East Punjab until
Chandigarh was completed in 1960.
English is the sole official language of Chandigarh.
The majority of the population speaks 
Hindi (73.60%) while 
Punjabi is spoken by 22.03%.[
Government schools
use English, Hindi and Punjabi textbooks

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 CHANDIGARH
The name is derived from Chandi Mandir, an ancient temple
devoted to the Hindu Goddess Chandi (Parvati) near the city
in Panchkula District
Sukhna Lake, a 3 km artificial rain-fed lake in Sector 1, created
in 1958
The Zakir Hussain Rose Garden (which is also Asia's largest
rose garden)
There is also a Government museum and art gallery in
Sector 10, Chandigarh.
Garden of Fragrance in Sector 36
Garden of Palms in Sector 42
 city comprises 26 wards 

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 CHANDIGARH
.
Formation of Union territory- 1 November 1966
 Administrator V.P. Singh Badnore
 Mayor Arun sood
Area Union territory 114 km2 (44 sq mi)
Area rank 35th in India
Population (2011) 1,055,450
 Density 9,262/km2
Emblem Open Hand Emblem
Animal Indian grey mongoose
Bird Indian grey hornbill
Flower Dhak
Tree Blue Jacaranda, Mangifera indica(mango)
Chandigarh’s Capitol Complex was in July 2016 declared by UNESCO as
World Heritage at the 40th session of World Heritage Conference held in Istanbul

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 THE TOTAL NUMBER OF DISTRICTS ARE 22 .


1 . Amritsar
Amritsar has been chosen as one of the heritage cities for HRIDAY.
Amritsar historically also known as Ramdāspur 

2. Barnala

Barnala has the lowest population with only 5.96 lakh people.

3. Bathinda

Bathinda's nicknamed the 'City of Lakes', courtesy of the artificial lakes in the
city. District with Lowest Sex Ratio.

4. Faridkot

The city is named in the honor of Baba Farid, a revered 13th
century Sufi saint

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 STATE FACTS..
5. Fatehgarh Sahib

Fatehgarh Sahib is named after Fateh Singh, the 7 year old son of Guru
Gobind Singh

6. Firozpur

 It was founded by Sultan Firoz Shah Tughluq (1351–88), a famous ruler of
the Tughluq dynasty . Oldest British dist.1833

7. Gurdaspur

Gurdaspur city was named after Mahant Guriya das ji

8. Hoshiarpur

  Hoshiarpur has the highest literacy at 85.4 per cent, followed by Mohali
(84.9)

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 STATE FACTS..
9. Jalandhar
Jalandhar was the administrative capital of Punjab from India's
independence (1947) until Chandigarh was built in 1953.
10. Kapurthala
The district is divided into two noncontiguous parts, the main
Kapurthala-Sultanpur Lodhi portion and the Phagwara tehsil or block.
11. Ludhiana.
  Ludhiana has emerged as the most populous district with 34.87 lakh
persons and highest density Per sq. km. 975. Highest Urbanization.
Most sikh living in Ludhiana 18,63,408 in punjab
12. Mansa
The Lowest literacy rate 61.83%. Mansa is situated in the cotton belt
of Punjab

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 STATE FACTS..
 13. Moga
Moga was founded by Moga Singh Gill a forefather of the
Gill community.
 14. Muktsar
Historically known as Khidrana or Khidrane di dhab,
Lowest Population Density.348.
 15. Patiala
Patiala state was established in 1763 by Baba Ala Singh,
a Sidhu Jat Sikh
 16. Rupnagar
The ancient town of Rupnagar is said to have been named by
a Raja called Rokeshar, who ruled during the 11th century

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 STATE FACTS..
17. Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar
It was officially named after Sahibzada Ajit Singh, the eldest son
of Guru Gobind Singh as SAS Nagar)
District with Minimum Area.
 18. Sangrur -Highest paddy production district.

 19. Shahid Bhagat Singh Nagar

It's homeland of india's famous freedom fighter Bhagat Singh.
lowest sikh percentage 31.50% in district
20. Tarn Taran
Tarn Taran Sahib was founded by the Fifth Sikh Guru, Shri Guru Arjan
Dev Ji)
District with Lowest Urbanization .
Highest sikh percentage 93.33% in Tran-Taran.

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 State Facts..
21.Pathankot.2011
The Pathania clan of Rajput derived its name from
ancient name of Pathankot which was Paithan at that
time.
 22.Fazilka .2011
The Trans-Afghanistan Pipeline or TAPI gas pipeline
project originating in Turkmenistan will have its last
station in Fazilka.

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 DISTRICTS FACTS..
District with Maximum Area – Ludhiana
District with Minimum Area – Pathankot
 District with Highest Population – Ludhiana (12.6%)
District with Lowest Population – Barnala (2.2%)
 District with Highest Sex Ratio – Hoshiarpur (961)
District with Lowest Sex Ratio – Bhatinda (868)
District with Highest Literacy Ratio – Hoshiarpur (84.6%)
District with Lowest Literacy Rate – Mansa(61.8%)
 District- -Highest Population Density – Ludhiana(978)
District -- Lowest Population Density – Muktsar ( 348)
 District with Highest Urbanization – Ludhiana
District with Lowest Urbanization – Taran Taran

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 FACTS..
 Divisions is 05 (Jalandhar, Patiala, Firozepur, Faridkot ,Ropar)
Tehsils are 91. new Dina nagar gurdaspur 2018
New tehsils in December 2016.
* Bhikhiwind -TRAN-TARAN
*Kalanaur-Gurdaspur
* Dudhan Sadhan-Patiala
*Ahmedgarh,Dirbha,Bhawanigarh- Sangrur
*Majitha-Amritsar
*Morinda-Ropar
The district Sangrur has the maximum number of tehsils.
There are total 9 tehsils in Sangrur. 
 Sub-Tehsils are 81

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 FACTS..

The total number of Inhabited Villages (Census 2011) are

12581
The total number of Cities (Census 2011) are 74
The total number of Zila Parishads are 22
The total number of Municipal Committees are 167.
The total number of Blocks are 149
The total number of Towns (Census 2011) are 143
 Municipal Corporation of Punjab – 10
 1 Ludhiana 2 Patiala 3 Amritsar 4 Jalandhar 5 Bhathinda
 6 Mohali 7 Pathankot 8 Moga 9 Phagwara 10
Hoshiarpur

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 FACTS..
The Population Density is 550 Per sq. km (550 persons
per sq.km)
The Highest Density Population ( Ludhiana ) Per sq. km.
975
There are four (04) Border States of Punjab
Punjab lies in the seismic zoneII, III and IV.
The main fruit grown in Punjab is Kinnow.
The only major vegetable produce of the state is Potato. 
Punjab constitutes 2.29% of total population of India.
Area-1.54%

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 Facts..
Dr. Gopi Chand Bhargava was the first Chief Minister
of Punjab
Chandu Lal Trivedi was the first Governor of Punjab
The only Stock Exchange of Punjab is located in
Ludhiana
The Khanna City known as largest grain market of Asia
Ludhiana is the main industrial hub of Punjab, also known
as the Manchester of India
There are total 117 seats in Punjab Vidhan Sabha
The Punjab state has 13 Lok Sabha seats in Punjab
There are Seven (07) Rajya sabha Seats in Punjab

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 FACTS..
Maharaja Ranjit Singh was the first Sikh Ruler of Punjab
The largest Railway Junction in Asia is Bathinda,Punjab
The Overall Literacy rate in Punjab is 76.68 %
Sex Ratio 895 (846 for 0-6 age group)
Male Literacy Rate 80.40%
Female Literacy Rate 70.70%
Urban literacy rate 83.2%
Rural literacy rate 71.4%
Life expectancy 69.4 years. MALE-70.8, FEMALE-73.8YR

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 FACTS
Latitude 29’30” N to 32’32” N
Longitude 73’55” to 76’ 50” E
Forest Area -6.12%.Timber is the main forest produce in the
state
State Bird
Baaz (Eastern Goshawk)Accipiter gentilis
State Animal
Blackbuck (Kala Hiran) Antelope cerricapra
State tree
Shisham (called ‘Tahli’)Dalbergia sissoo

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 FACTS
There are three major wetlands in the state –
 Hari Ke Pattan-1990
Kanjli 2002
Ropar -2002
Now, three more — Keshopur, Nangal and Beas River —
have been added to the list.
Beas became the first river in the country to be declared as
a conservation reserve.  
wetland which are included in the list of Wetlands of
International Importance, also known as Ramsar Sites.
There are total 42 Ramsar sites in India.

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 FACTS
Average rainfall in Punjab was 499.9 mm (49.99 cm)
Northeast parts of the state, which includes Gurdaspur,
Pathankot, Hoshiarpur and Ropar districts, receive the
maximum rainfall.
The average rainfall in Gurdaspur and Pathankot districts
is around 1100mm.
Dhar Kalan block in Pathankot district is the wettest
part of the state.
Fazilka, Firozpur, Mansa and Muktsar districts, receives
least rainfall.
Abohar (Fazilka district) is the driest block in the state.

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 POPULATION DATA
Population of Punjab
Population
Type Male Female Total
Rural 90,93,476 82,50,716 1,73,44,192 (62.52%)
Urban 55,45,989 48,53,157 1,03,99,146 (37.48%)

Total Male- 1,46,39,465(52.8%)

Total female- 1,31,03,873(47.2%)
Total - 2,77,43,338(2.44 Crore in 2001)
Punjab population 2018 is 3.06 crore.

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 POPULATION DATA…
 Population growth 13.89%.
 The highest growth rate of population has been in Mohali,
Patiala and Tarn Taran, districts.
  Sikh population  57.69%
 Hinduism 34.49%(aprx)
 Muslim 1.93%
 Christian 1.26%
 Jain 0.16%
 Buddist 0.12%
 Other 0.04%
 OBC 22%
 SC 31.94%

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 MCQ ASKED IN PREVIOUS YEAR PAPERs
FROM THIS MATERIAL
Q1. Le Corbusier, the architect of Chandigarh was citizen of:
ANS. France
Q2. During the Mahabharata period Punjab was knownas:
ANS. Panchnada
Q3.How many Border State of Punjab; (deputy district manager
paper)
ANS. 4
Q4 . How many Parliamentary constituencies in Punjab;
ANS.13
Q5.   How many Rajyasabha seats in Punjab;
ANS.7

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 MCQ…
Q6.Which of the following states is located in the south of Punjab;

ANS. Haryana
.Q7 Which city was the capital of Punjab before India got
independence
  ANS. Lahore
Q8.Which district of punjab lowest literacy rate (assisant manager
paper)
ANS. Mansa
Q9.Which district of punjab biggest in area wise (assisant manager
paper)
ANS. Ludhiana

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 MCQ…
Q10. On the globe, Punjab is at:
ANS.29° 30’  N to 32° 32’ N latitude and 73° 55’ W to 76° 50’ E
longitude
11. Punjab has 13 Rajya Sabha, 7 Lok Sabha, 117 unicameral
Legislative seats.
Q12.leteracy rate in Punjab is____ and Urbanization ration in Punjab is
ANS.76.68%, 29.55%
Q.13 ludhiana is called Manchester of India because of :
ANS.Industrialization
Q.14 Chandigarh became a separate union territory in
ANS.1966
Q15. Sikhs in Punjab are:
ANS.About 60%

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 MCQ…
Q16. Largest railway Junction in Asia is
ANS.Bathinda ( SR. Assistant Accountant)
Q17. What us the shape of Punjab State?
ANS.Triangular (Inspectors Group-B)
Q18.which fact about Punjab is not true?
A.Its area is about 50,000 square Kilometres
B.Punjab has more than 12000 villages
C.There are more Panchayats than the number of villages.
D.Population desity in Punjab is about 600 people per square
kilometer.
Ans: D ( Punjab Civil services-2012)
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 MCQ…
 Q19. In comparison to 2001 census the population of
Punjab as per 2011 census has increased?
ANS.From 2.44 crores ot 2.77 crores
 Q20. What is the name of Ancient Punjab?

ANS.Sapta Sindhu ( Punjab clerk)

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