Preventive Science

and
Appreciative Inquiry
Professional Learning Team
Leader: Maria Fe V. Efondo
Member: Annalyne P. Sioco
Secretary: Desiree Joy D. Rait
Preventive Science

DESIREE JOY D. RAIT

Discussant
 QUIZ
 How are infectious diseases, such as colds and
influenza, most commonly spread?

A. Breathing viruses in air 

B. Hand-to-face contact 
C. Drinking infected water 
D. Eating contaminated food

The correct answer is B. Hand-to-face contact 

 Which is the most important hygiene habit to
teach young children?

A. Use a tissue to cover a sneeze 

B. Don't share a glass or eating utensil
C. Wash hands frequently 
D. Take a bath daily

The correct answer is C. Wash hands frequently 

 Chronic stress has been linked to which of these health
problems?

A. Headaches
 B. Constipation 
C. Depression
  D. All of the above

The correct answer is D. All of the above 

 Which of the following increases your risk for type 2 diabetes?

A. Not getting enough exercise

 B. Eating too much sugar 
C. Being overweight 
D. Advancing age 
E. A and C

The correct answer is E. A and C 

  When should infants start vaccines against serious
diseases?

A. Birth 
B. 2 months old 
C. 6 weeks old 
D. 6 months old

The correct answer is A. Birth 

  "Sleep hygiene" refers to the promotion of regular sleep. Which
of these can help you develop healthy sleep habits?

A. Eat a big meal late in the day 

B. Go to bed and get up at the same time every day 
C. Cut back on the amount of exercise you get 
D. All of the above

The correct answer is B. Go to bed and get up at the same time every day  
 Defining Prevention Science
 Prevention science is a multi-disciplinary field that examines both
behaviors associated with positive and negative health outcomes.
 The primary goal of preventive science is to :
* improve public health by identifying malleable risk and
protective factors
* assessing the efficacy and effectiveness of preventive
interventions
* identify optimal means for dissemination and diffusion
 Core Elements of Prevention Science
 According to Kellam, Koretz, and Moscicki (1999) the development of
prevention science to the integration of three related fields: epidemiology, life
course development, and intervention trials technology.

 Epidemiology is the foundation of prevention science.

 Epidemiology and Surveillance – Public health officials use surveillance data to

monitor the prevalence and incidence of diseases across world population
 Life course development – it is a central concept in prevention
science that human development is a critical context for
understanding appropriate assessment and intervention targets
(risk and protective factors), especially during key life transitional
periods
 Intervention Trials Technology – to determine the casual
processes involved in social and behavioral dysfunction and as the
tool for evaluating whether interventions were effective (Kellam
et al, 1999; Kellam & Langevin 2003)
To prevent a problem before it happens, you
need to address the predictors
Policies, Programs and Practices to reduce the incidence and prevalence
of individual and community vulnerabilities and to promote healthy
lifestyles

1. Promote daily physical activity and good nutrition to

protect against chronic disease;
2. Disrupting pathways to substance use disorder across the
lifespan;
3. Improving academic and behavioral outcomes with the
expansion of high-quality children and early learning and
development, and promoting positive and supportive
school environment;
4. Enhancing community-wide capacity to attenuate detrimental
conditions and increase access to supportive services;

5. Increasing resilience, social competency and self-regulation

in order to reduce impulsive, aggressive and off-task
behavior; and

6. Supporting the development of healthy relationship to

reduce interpersonal and domestic violence.
APPRECIATIVE INQUIRY

ANNALYNE P. SIOCO
Discussant
Appreciative Inquiry (AI)
 is a strengths-based, positive approach to leadership
development and organization change.

 AI can be used by individuals, teams, organizations at the

societal level; in each case, it helps people move toward a
shared vision for the future by engaging other in strategic
innovation.
 The Core Principles of Appreciative
Inquiry
- Which describe the basic tenets of the underlying Ai
philosophy, were developed in the early 1990’s by
David Cooperrider and Suresh Srivastva (Cooperrider’s
advisor at Case Western Reserve University) and serve
as the building blocks for all AI work. The five original
principles are: Constructionist, Simultaneity,
Anticipatory, Poetic, and Positive.
The 5 Classic Principles
of Appreciative Inquiry
 5 Classic
Principles
of AI
Constructionist Principles
“Words create worlds”
- Reality, as we know it, it is subjective
vs. objective state and is socially created
through language and conversations.
Simultaneity Principle
“Inquiry Creates change”
 The moment we ask question, we begin to create a change.
“ The questions we ask are fateful.”
Poetic Principle
“We can Choose What we study”
 Teams and organizations, like open books ,
are endless sources of study and learning.
What we choose to study makes a difference.
It describes – even creates – the world as we
know it.
Anticipatory Principle
“Images inspire action”
 Human systems move in the direction of their
images of the future. The more positive and
hopeful the image of the future, the more
positive the present-day action.
Positive Principle
“Positive questions lead to positive change”
 Momentum for (small or ) large-scale change
requires large amounts of positive affect and
social bonding. This momentum is best
generated through positive questions that
amplify the positive core.
 5 D’s Cycle of
Appreciative Inquiry

MARIA FE V. EFONDO
Discussant
 5 D’s Cycle of AI
1. DEFINITION
“What is the topic of inquiry?”
(Affirmative topic of choice)
CLARIFYING
2. DISCOVERY
“What gives life?”
(The best of what is)
APPRECIATING

5. DESTINY/DELIVERY
“What will be?” Positive 3. DREAM
“What might be?”
(How to empower. Learn and Core (What the world is calling for)
adjust/improvise)
ENVISIONING
INNOVATING
4. DESIGN
“What should be?”
(The idea)
APPRECIATING
DEFINE
 What is the topic of inquiry?
- It is important to define the overall focus of the inquiry
(what the system wants more of). Definition is used to clarify the
area of work to be considered. In spite of being the starting point
of the cycle, it’s a recent addition – the 5Ds were originally the
4Ds, including discover, dream, design and destiny. Definition
defines the project’s purpose, content, and what needs to be
achieved. In this phase, the guiding question is, “What generative
topic do we want to focus on together?”
 DISCOVER

 Appreciating the best of ‘what is’ 

– Discovery is based on a dialogue, as a way of
finding ‘what works’. It rediscovers and
remembers the organization or community’s
successes, strengths and periods of excellence.
 DREAM
 – Imagining ‘what could be’ 
–  Imagining uses past achievements and successes
identified in the discovery phase to imagine new
possibilities and envisage a preferred future. It allows
people to identify their dreams for a community or
organization; having discovered ‘what is best’. They have
the chance to project it into their wishes, hopes and
aspirations for the future
 DESIGN
 – Determining ‘what should be’
 Design brings together the stories from
discovery with the imagination and
creativity from dream. We call it bringing
the ‘best of what is’ together with ‘what
might be’, to create ‘what should be – the
ideal’.
 DELIVER/DESTINY
 Creating ‘what will be’ 
 The fifth stage in the 5Ds process identifies how the
design is delivered, and how it’s embedded into groups,
communities and organizations. In early appreciative
inquiry development, it was called ‘delivery’, based on
more traditional organizational development practice.
The term ‘destiny’ is more prevalent now.
THANK YOU !!