3D Scanning for museums

Kirk Martinez
University of Southampton
 Overview
Why?

Techniques available
Laser
image-based

Summary
 Motivation
2d representations don’t capture 3D objects well

Any 2-D view can be generated from a single 3-D

model.

3D studies can be done

models can be compared/searched
 Examples of scanners

Cyberware Digibotics 3dscanners

Polhemus
Mensi
 Structured light scanning
• example from CNR Italy
 Michelangelo
project
• by Stanford
• used Cyberware
 Arius 3D
• laser based – developed by CNR Canada
• RGB lasers give colour
 Issues

•Some objects can be very large e.g. building

•Objects can be very complex e.g. lots of holes

•Lighting conditions often very important

•File formats and browsers

•Cost
 Image-based 3D reconstruction
techniques
• Image sequences of rotating objects
• Two approaches used:
– Silhouette-based only approach: CANON software
– Silhouette and multi-stereo technique: GET-ENST
approach
• For less complex objects with textured surface
• Required:
– good quality image sequences (precise turntable, good
lighting, photographic know-how)
– good silhouette segmentation
 Turntable approach
• ENST scanner
 3D laser acquisition &
reconstruction
• Using MINOLTA Vi 900 laser scanner (ARCHIDATA)
• Using reconstruction software
– Rapidform® (C2RMF, Cherbourg)
– Maya® (Quai Branly)
• User partners involved
– White clay Gallo-Roman figurines and moulds:
• C2RMF - Bourbon-Lancy
• C2RMF - Moulins
– Miscellaneous
• C2RMF - Cluny
• Cherbourg
• Quai Branly (external partner, negotiation for collaboration in progress)
 Outdoor scanning example
• Coloseum in Rome
with Minolta laser
scanner
 3D Laser: Cherbourg

Cherbourg_laser 03 Cherbourg_laser 18 Cherbourg_laser 14

Cherbourg_laser 17 Cherbourg_laser 13 Cherbourg_laser 12

 Image-based 3D reconstruction: VAM

33 objects: statuettes, ceramic French vases

GET-ENST silhouette and multi-stereo technique
 Image-based 3D

3D

Image Camera 3D Texture map

acquisition calibration Reconstruction creation
 Results

57639 sommets, 115282 triangles

 Results compared with laser
Scanner laser 3D Minolta
Methode proposée

385355 sommets 233262 sommets

770209 triangles 466520 triangles
Image-based 3D reconstruction: GET-ENST Examples

bigHead buddha dragon

african3
masque twins
 Summary

•Cost / quality / time trade-offs

•Techniques vary in:

•mesh quality
•texturing quality

•some scanners are better suited to some materials

•smaller 3D models are simple to put on Web