Integer Operations

Students will solve problems

using addition, subtraction,
multiplication, and division
of positive and negative
integers.
 Number Line
A number line can be used to show
addition.
(-4)+8
Start at negative 4 on
the number line.
Move to the right 8 spaces.
-10 -5 0 5 10

The answer is…

1 2 34 56 78
4
 Number Line (cont.)
A number line can be used to show
subtraction.
(6)–8
Start at positive 6 on
the number line.
Move to the left 8 spaces.
-10 -5 0 5 10

The answer is…

87654321
-2
 Addition
When adding positive and negative
numbers, first look at the sign and
determine if the signs are the same or
Example: different.
( -3 ) + ( -5 ) ( -3 ) + ( -5 )
Are these the same *** Since the signs are the
sign or different signs? same, add the numbers and
keep the same sign.
“THE SAME” -(3+5)
Both signs are
negative.
-8
 Addition (cont.)
Example:
( -8 ) + ( 12 ) ( -8 ) + ( 12 )
Are the signs the same or
Which number is
different? bigger? 12
“DIFFERENT” What sign is the 12?
“POSITIVE”
*** If the signs are
different, subtract the + ( 12 – 8 )
Since our answer is
2 numbers and take the 4
positive we can
sign of the “biggest”. leave off the sign.
 Addition (cont.)
Example:
( 7 ) + ( -11 ) ( 7 ) + ( -11 )
Are the signs the same or
Which number is
different? bigger? 11
“DIFFERENT” What sign is the 11?
“NEGATIVE”
If the signs are
different, subtract the - ( 11 – 7 )
Since our answer is
2 numbers and take the -4
negative we MUST
sign of the “biggest”. write the sign.
 Addition (cont.)
When the numbers have different signs,
but are “the same”, what happens?
Example:
When you add
( -5 ) + ( 5 )
two opposite
Since the signs are different,
subtract the numbers. numbers, they
5–5 Since neither number
always equal
0
is bigger, the answer ZERO.
gets neither sign.
Addition Summary

Same sign – add and

keep the same sign.

Different signs –
subtract and take the
sign of the “biggest”.
Addition Guided Practice
1. ( - 8 ) + ( - 2 ) 4. ( - 9 ) + ( 9 )
-10 0

2. ( - 9 ) + ( 2 ) 5. ( 7 ) + ( - 3 )
-7 4

3. ( - 4 ) + ( 8 ) 6. ( 4 ) + ( - 8 )
4 -4
 Subtraction
When you have a subtraction problem,
re-write it as an addition problem and change
the sign of the number AFTER the
Example: subtraction.
After re-writing the
( -4 ) – ( -8 ) problem, follow the
( -4 ) +… Change it to addition. rules for addition.

( -4 ) + ( 8 ) Change the sign of the 8.

+(8–4) Since the signs are different, subtract and

take the sign of the “biggest”.
4
 Subtraction (cont.)
Example:
(-8)–(7)
Re-write the problem. REMEMBER: When you
change it to addition,
(-8)+(-7) change the sign of the
Since the signs are the number after the
same, add and keep subtraction sign.
the same sign.
-(8+7)
- 15
Subtraction Summary
Change subtraction to
addition and change the
sign of the number after
the subtraction.
Follow rules for addition.
 Subtraction
Guided Practice
1. ( - 9 ) – ( 9 ) 3. ( - 7 ) – ( - 7 )
Re-write ( - 9 ) + ( - 9 ) (-7)+(7)
- 18 0

2. ( 14 ) – ( - 3 ) 4. ( 4 ) – ( 9 )
( 14 ) + ( 3 ) (4)+(-9)
17 -5
 Multiplication & Division
The rules are the same for multiplication & division.
If the signs are the same, the answer is positive.

Example: Example:
NOTE:
(-5)•(-2) The dot • ( - 15 ) ÷ ( - 3 )
means multiply. Divide the numbers
Multiply the numbers
and make it positive. and make it positive.

10 Since the answer is 5

positive, we can
leave off the sign.
 Multiplication & Division
(cont.)
If the signs are different, the answer is negative.
Example: NOTE: Parenthesis Example: ( - 18 )

( - 4 ) ( 3 ) next to parenthesis
means multiply. (3)
Multiply the NOTE: The fraction bar
numbers and make it negative. means divide.

- 12 Divide the numbers and

make it negative.
-6
Multiplication & Division
Summary
Same sign – the answer is
POSITIVE.

Different signs – the answer

is NEGATIVE.
 Multiply & Divide
Guided Practice
1. ( - 64 ) ÷ ( 8 ) 4. ( 7 ) ( - 4 )
-8 -28
2. ( - 10 ) • ( 2 ) 5. ( - 3 ) ( - 3 )
- 20 9

3. ( - 20 ) 6. -9

(-2) 9
10 -1
 Summary:
Addition Subtraction
Same sign – add and Change subtraction to
keep the same sign. addition and change the
sign of the number after
Different signs –
the subtraction.
subtract and take the
sign of the “biggest”. Follow rules for addition.

Multiplication and Division

Same sign – the answer is POSITIVE.
Different signs – the answer is NEGATIVE.