Frame

• Aluminium Alloys are mostly used in UAV’s

frame
• Nowadays Composites are emerging and
implementing in the frame of UAVs
– GFRP
– CFRP
– Kevlar

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 Sensors and Actuators
• Position and Motion sensors
• Altitude sensors
• Airspeed sensors
• Attitude sensors
• Servomotors

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 Payloads
Classification - I Classification - II
• Electro-optic payloads • Dispensable payloads
• Radar Imaging payloads • Non-Dispensable payloads

Apart from the classification,

‘Payload Control’ term is more
important in UAV’s design

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 PROPULSION AND POWER-PLANTS

• Piston / Reciprocating Engines

• Gas Turbine Engines
• E-Propulsion (Batteries)
• Others

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 COMMUNICATIONS AND CONTROL

• Communication Media
• Radio Communication
• Mission Planning and Control Station
• Modes of UAV
• Flight Control loops
– Closed Loop
– Open Loop

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 NAVIGATION
• Global Positioning System
• Navigation with Inertial Sensors
• Radio Tracking
• Way-point Navigation

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 Typical Structure of UAV
• Fixed Wing UAV
– Aerodynamics
• Design of Wing
– Wing Size
– Reynolds Number
– Airfoil
– Speed
– Mass & Lift
• Design of Empennage
• Design of Fuselage
• Design of Landing Gear
• Design of Propeller
– Structures
• Wing’s sub-components
– Structural Design of the Wing Section
– Wing Structural Load
– Wing Spar Design
» Shear Force and Bending Moment
• Fuselage structural design
– V-N Diagram
– Determination of Load Factor
• Type of Landing Gear used
• Materials used
– Propulsion
• Selection of Propeller
• Selection of battery / engine
• Selection of motor
– Electronic Instrumentations
• Selection of servo motor
• Selection of ESC
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• Selection of Flight Control Board
 Typical Structure of UAV
• Multi-rotor UAV
– Aerodynamics (Finalization of boundary of UAV)
• Design of Propeller
• Design of Frame
• Design of Landing Gear
– Structures
• Frame structural design
– Structural Analysis on sticks
– Finalization of Arms (Sticks)
– Study about bending moment and shear force
– Distance between motor to flight control board
– Motor to Motor Distance
• Type of Landing Gear used
– Propulsion
• Selection of Propeller
• Selection of battery
• Selection of motor
– Electronic Instrumentations
• Selection of servo motor
• Selection of ESC
• Selection of Flight Control Board
• Selection of Power Distribution Board
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 UAV Design Steps
• Finalization of Application
• Selection of suitable approach for UAV
Construction
– Top-Down Approach
• Fixed Mass Approach
• Fixed Speed Approach
– Bottom-up Approach
• Selection of suitable components based on previous
work (References)

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