HC110110024 Principle and Configuration of HDLC and PPP

Principle and Configuration of HDLC
and PPP
Copyright © 2019 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Foreword
 Serial has in recent years been slowly phased out in many parts of all netwo
rks in favor of Ethernet technology, however still remains active as a legacy
technology in a great number of enterprise networks alongside Ethernet. S
erial has traditionally provided solutions for communication over long dista
nces and therefore remains a prominent technology for Wide Area Networ
k (WAN) communication, for which many protocols and legacy WAN techn
ologies remain in operation at the enterprise edge. A thorough knowledge
of these technologies is required to support many aspects of WAN operati
on.
age 2 Copyright © 2019 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Objectives
 Upon completion of this section, you will be able to:
 Explain how data is carried over a serial based medium.
 Configure link layer protocols for serial links.
Serial Signaling
Asynchronous
Host A Router
……
Stop Data Start Stop Data Start
1 byte
Synchronous
DCE DTE
Synchronize based on DCE clock
Flag Data Flag
The HDLC Protocol
Flag Address Control Information FCS Flag
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0 N(S) P/F N(R) I
1 0 S S P/F P/F S
1 1 M M P/F M M M U
 Only the information frame (I) format is used on AR2200 series.
Basic Configuration of HDLC
RTA RTB
S1/0/0 S1/0/0
10.0.1.1/30
[RTA]interface Serial 1/0/0

[RTA-Serial1/0/0]link-protocol hdlc
Warning: The encapsulation protocol of the link will be changed.
Continue? [Y/N]:y
[RTA-Serial1/0/0]ip address 10.0.1.1 30
Assigning Unnumbered Addresses in HDL
C
RTA RTB
Loopback 0 S1/0/0 S1/0/0
10.1.1.1/32 10.1.1.1/32 10.1.1.2/24

[RTA-Serial1/0/0]link-protocol hdlc
Continue? [Y/N]:y
[RTA-Serial1/0/0]ip address unnumbered interface loopBack 0
 IP addresses can be borrowed from another interface in order to establish c

onnectivity over the serial link.
Configuration Validation
[RTA]display ip interface brief

*down: administratively down ^down: standby (l): loopback
(s): spoofing
……
Interface IP Address/Mask Physical Protocol
LoopBack0 10.1.1.1/32 up up(s)
Serial1/0/0 10.1.1.1/32 up up
Serial1/0/1 unassigned up down
 The IP address is shown to have been borrowed from the loopback interfac
e and assigned to interface serial 1/0/0.
PPP Protocol Application
RTA RTB
S1/0/0 S1/0/0
PPP
 A multiprotocol standard used as with HDLC to define the link layer operati
on over a serial medium.
Components of PPP
Name Function
Defines the format to be used when

PPP Encapsulation Method supporting encapsulation of upper layer
protocols such as IP, IPX etc.
Defines the method of establishing,

Link Control Protocol configuring, and testing the data-link
connection.
Defines a set of protocols for establishing a

Network Control Protocol connection and negotiating parameters for
different network-layer protocols.
PPP Link Establishment Process
UP OPENED
Dead Establish Authenticat
e
SUCCESS/NONE
FAIL FAIL
DOWN CLOSING
Terminate Network
PPP Frame
Flag Address Control Protocol Information FCS Flag
LCP Packet Format Code Identifier Length Data…
LCP Configuration
Type Length Data… Type Length Data… ……
Option Format
Packet Types Used in LCP Negotiation
Packet Type Function
Include the parameters for link establishment and

Configure-Request
link configuration.
Confirmation sent once all Configure-Request

Configure-Ack
parameters have been validated.
The parameters included in Configure-Request are

Configure-Nak
recognized but not all accepted.
The parameters included in Configure-Request

Configure-Reject
from the peer are not all recognized.
Common Link Parameters of LCP Negotiation
Parameter Function Default
Maximum The total length of the Information and

1500
Receive Unit Padding field for the PPP frame.
Authentication Authentication protocol used by the No

protocol peer. Authentication
Magic-Number is generated randomly,

Magic-Number Enable
used for link loop detection.
LCP Link Parameters Negotiation
RTA RTB
S1/0/0 PPP S1/0/0

10.1.1.1/30 10.1.1.2/30
Configure-Request
Configure-Ack
 Successful PPP negotiations result in a Configure-Ack reply to a Configure-

Request packet.
RTA RTB
S1/0/0 PPP
S1/0/0
10.1.1.1/30 10.1.1.2/30
Configure-Request
Configure-Nak
Configure-Request (Modified
Parameters)
 Configure-Nak packets are generated where parameters are recognized bu

t not all are accepted.
RTA RTB
S1/0/0 PPP
S1/0/0
10.1.1.1/30 10.1.1.2/30
Configure-Request
Configure-Reject
Configure-Request (Removed Unrecognized

Parameters)
 Configure-Reject packets are generated where not all parameters are recog
nized by the peer.
PPP Basic Configuration
RTA RTB
S1/0/0 PPP S1/0/0

10.1.1.1/30 10.1.1.2/30

[RTA-Serial1/0/0]link-protocol ppp
Continue? [Y/N]:y
PPP Authentication Mode - PAP
RTA RTB
S1/0/0 PPP S1/0/0

Authenticator Authenticated
10.1.1.1/30 10.1.1.2/30
Authenticate-Request
Send user name and password in plain text
Authenticate-Ack/Authenticate-Nak
Authenticate successfully/ unsuccessfully
 The Password Authentication Protocol relies on the transmission of a passw

ord over the link for peer authentication.
PPP Authentication Mode - CHAP
RTA RTB
S1/0/0 PPP S1/0/0

Authenticator Authenticated
10.1.1.1/30 10.1.1.2/30
Challenge
Response
Sucess/Failure
 The Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol relies on a challenge an

d challenge response for peer authentication.
IPCP Static Address Negotiation
RTA RTB
S1/0/0 PPP
S1/0/0
10.1.1.1/30 10.1.1.2/30
Configure-Request （ 10.1.1.1 ）
Configure-Ack
Configure-Ack
 The Internet Protocol Control Protocol (IPCP) is the Network Control Protoc
ol (NCP) used for establishing and configuring IP.
IPCP Dynamic Address Negotiation
RTA RTB
S1/0/0 PPP S1/0/0
10.1.1.2/30
Configure-Nak （ 10.1.1.1 ）
Configure-Ack
Configure-Ack
Configuring PAP Authentication
RTA RTB
PPP
Authenticator S1/0/0 S1/0/0
Authenticated
10.1.1.1/30 10.1.1.2/30
[RTA]aaa
[RTA-aaa]local-user huawei password cipher huawei123
[RTA-aaa]local-user huawei service-type ppp
[RTA-Serial1/0/0]ppp authentication-mode pap
[RTB]interface Serial 1/0/0

[RTB-Serial1/0/0]link-protocol ppp
[RTB-Serial1/0/0]ppp pap local-user huawei password cipher huawei123
[RTB-Serial1/0/0]ip address 10.1.1.2 30
PAP Configuration Validation
<RTB>debugging ppp pap all

Aug 20 2013 04:50:24.280.4+00:00 RTB PPP/7/debug2:
PPP State Change:
Serial1/0/0 PAP : Initial --> SendRequest
Aug 20 2013 04:50:24.290.3+00:00 RTB PPP/7/debug2:
PPP State Change:
Serial1/0/0 PAP : SendRequest --> ClientSuccess
……
Configuring CHAP Authentication
RTA RTB
PPP
Authenticator S1/0/0 S1/0/0
Authenticated
10.1.1.1/30 10.1.1.2/30
[RTA]aaa
[RTA-aaa]local-user huawei password cipher huawei123
[RTA-aaa]local-user huawei service-type ppp
[RTA-Serial1/0/0]ppp authentication-mode chap
[RTB]interface Serial 1/0/0

[RTB-Serial1/0/0]link-protocol ppp
[RTB-Serial1/0/0]ppp chap user huawei
[RTB-Serial1/0/0]ppp chap password cipher huawei123
CHAP Configuration Validation
<RTB>debugging ppp chap all

Aug 20 2013 05:15:54.230.1+00:00 RTB PPP/7/debug2:
PPP State Change:
Serial1/0/0 CHAP : Initial --> ListenChallenge
Aug 20 2013 05:15:54.230.7+00:00 RTB PPP/7/debug2:
PPP State Change:
Serial1/0/0 CHAP : ListenChallenge --> SendResponse
Aug 20 2013 05:15:54.250.3+00:00 RTB PPP/7/debug2:
PPP State Change:
Serial1/0/0 CHAP : SendResponse --> ClientSuccess
……
Summary
 Following a Configure-Request, what packet type is expected to be received bef
ore the PPP link layer can be successfully established?
 Which protocol is used to perform the negotiation of IP addresses, and during
which phase is this negotiated?
Thank You
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Principle and Configuration of HDLC

Synchronize based on DCE clock

Flag Data Flag

Flag Address Control Information FCS Flag

0 N(S) P/F N(R) I

 Only the information frame (I) format is used on AR2200 series.

[RTA]interface Serial 1/0/0

Loopback 0 S1/0/0 S1/0/0

10.1.1.1/32 10.1.1.1/32 10.1.1.2/24

[RTA]interface Serial 1/0/0

 IP addresses can be borrowed from another interface in order to establish c

[RTA]display ip interface brief

Defines the format to be used when

Defines the method of establishing,

Defines a set of protocols for establishing a

Flag Address Control Protocol Information FCS Flag

LCP Packet Format Code Identifier Length Data…

Packet Type Function

Include the parameters for link establishment and

Confirmation sent once all Configure-Request

The parameters included in Configure-Request are

The parameters included in Configure-Request

Parameter Function Default

Maximum The total length of the Information and

Authentication Authentication protocol used by the No

Magic-Number is generated randomly,

S1/0/0 PPP S1/0/0

 Successful PPP negotiations result in a Configure-Ack reply to a Configure-

 Configure-Nak packets are generated where parameters are recognized bu

Configure-Request (Removed Unrecognized

S1/0/0 PPP S1/0/0

[RTA]interface Serial 1/0/0

S1/0/0 PPP S1/0/0

 The Password Authentication Protocol relies on the transmission of a passw

S1/0/0 PPP S1/0/0

 The Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol relies on a challenge an

S1/0/0 PPP S1/0/0

[RTB]interface Serial 1/0/0

<RTB>debugging ppp pap all

[RTB]interface Serial 1/0/0

<RTB>debugging ppp chap all

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