GENDER EQUITY

GABRIELLA GUEVARA
EDU 280-2001
TOPIC PRESENTATION
APRIL 27, 2021
 OBJECTIVE
TO EDUCATE STUDENTS ON THE HISTORY OF
GENDER EQUITY, HIGHLIGHT THE ISSUES WITH
GENDER DISPARITY, AND PROPOSE SOLUTIONS.
 WHAT IS GENDER EQUITY?
Gender inequality has existed in this country in areas such as pay
gap, social norms and practices, education, political participation,
and social institutions. These gaps have disadvantaged women,
men, and non-binary individuals, especially ethnic minorities or
individuals in a lower social class, causing a push for gender equity
in these areas.

Graphic Image Credit: Pipeline

 HISTORY

Photo Credit: Gado

Images / Alamy Stock
Photo
 THE SUFFRAGE MOVEMENT
• In 1777, women legally didn’t have the right to vote.
• In 1848, two-reformers, Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott, hosted the Seneca Falls
Convention where they agreed to end discrimination towards women by fighting for the right
to vote.
• Women also did not have the right to own property, practice law if they were married, and in
1866, the 14th Amendment was passed that defined “citizens” and “voters” as strictly male.
• Many women were active participants in reform, which explains the emergence of the Suffrage
Movement at the end of the Civil War.
• The Suffragists changed their campaign strategy to appease more voters.
• On August 18, 1920, the 19th Amendment of the Constitution was ratified allowing women to
vote.
 THE FIGHT FOR RIGHTS
• In 1923, the National Women’s Party proposed the Equal
Rights Amendment that prohibited all discrimination on
the basis of sex, but it was never ratified.
• In 1963, The Equal Pay Act is passed, which promises
equitable wages for the same work regardless of race,
color, religion, national origin, and sex.
• On March 22, 1972, the Equal Rights Amendment
passed.
• Ruth Bader Ginsburg, a graduate at the top of her class
from Columbia Law School, was shut-out from certain
law positions, fired for being pregnant, was told that she
was taking up a “man’s place”, and had to hide her
second pregnancy to start her fight against gender
discrimination.
• After 22 years as a lawyer and advocate, she served on
the Supreme Court starting in 1993 until her death in
2020.
Photo Credit: Philadelphia Magazine
 ISSUES
WITH
GENDER
DISPARITY

Photo Credit: IT Brief

CONTRIBUTIONS TO GENDER INEQUALITY
According to Human Rights Careers, there are ten contributors that play into
gender inequality around the world:

• Uneven access to education

• Lack of employment equality
• Racism
• Job Segregation
• Lack of legal protections

• Lack of bodily autonomy

• Poor medical care
• Lack of religious freedoms
• Lack of political presentation
• Societal mindsets
 GENDER= FEMALE, MALE, & NON-BINARY
Gender equity isn't designed to help one kind of gender.
Men
•Stereotyping women as fragile or harmless has negatively
impacted men when they report a female for domestic
abuse. Declaring domestic violence as a women's issue
instead of a human issue is dangerous.
•The FMLA Act allows for 12 weeks of unpaid, job-
protected leave if the individual meets the requirements.
The U.S. is one of the few countries out of 193 countries
in the UN that don't mandate paid maternity/paternity
leave.
•The Bathrooms Accessible in Every Situation, or
BABIES, Act was passed in 2016 to ensure that every
public restroom has a baby changing station. Despite this
law, men's restrooms are least likely to have changing
stations.
Non-binary
•Non-binary means any other gender identity
beside male and female.
•According to Waterford.org, 75% of transgender
students feel unsafe at school, which can negatively
affect their academic achievement.
•A specific challenge that non-binary individuals
face is a widespread lack of accurate identity
documents that allow someone to register for
school or have access to services or travel. Also,
many states do not allow a change of identity to
match the gender, or other states make the
transition unaffordable.
 NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF GENDER
INEQUALITY
● Gender discrimination can affect the workplace
resulting in lost productivity, high employee turnover,
and damaged morale.
● Gender inequality is linked to domestic violence.
Countries that experience gender imbalances also tend
to experience higher cases of domestic violence and
HIV outbreaks. Domestic violence is closely
correlated to HIV epidemics, which is why health
officials are advocating for gender equality.

● Someone who is experiencing gender inequality or is

Photo Credit: CNN
stereotyped can have a lower self-esteem.
 ACHIEVING
GENDER
EQUALITY

Photo Credit: Research

Gate
 WHAT EDUCATORS CAN DO

● Avoid stereotyping by:

-avoid associating gender to an ability or personality trait
-teach students to be aware of personal biases
● Recognize that gender differences exist between students from diverse backgrounds. For
example, Hispanic or African American female students demonstrate better academic success
when they have a chance to work cooperatively.
● Include gender equality in the curriculum.
● Be a role model!
Video Credit: Harvard Business Review
• ---. “Women’s Suffrage.” HISTORY, 23 Feb. 2021, www.history.com/topics/womens
-history/the-fight-for-womens
-suffrage#:%7E:text=The%20women’s%20suffrage%20movement%20was,the%20

RESOURCES
movement%20more%20than%20once
.
• Milligan, Susan. “Timeline: The Women’s Rights Movement.” U.S. News, U.S.
News, 20 Jan. 2017,
www.usnews.com/news/the-report/articles/2017-01-20/timeline-the-womens-rights-
movement-in-the-us
.
• Totenberg, Nina. “Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg, Champion Of Gender Equality,
Dies At 87.” National Public Radio, 18 Sept. 2020, choice.npr.org/index.html?
origin=https://www.npr.org/2020/09/18/100306972/justice-ruth-bader-
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• Soken-Huberty, Emmaline. “10 Causes of Gender Inequality.” Human Rights
Careers, 6 Apr. 2021, www.humanrightscareers.com/issues/causes-gender-inequality
.
• “How to Encourage Gender Equity and Equality in the Classroom.” Waterford.Org,
www.waterford.org/education/gender-equality-in-the-classroom. Accessed 19 Apr.
2021.
• “H.R.5147 - 114th Congress (2015–2016): BABIES Act.” Congress.Gov | Library of
Congress, www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/house-bill/5147. Accessed 19 Apr.
2021.
• Pantekoek, Kellie Esq. “Paid Parental Leave in the U.S. vs. Other Developed
Countries.” Findlaw, 10 Apr. 2020, employment.findlaw.com/family-medical-
leave/paid-parental-leave-in-the-u-s--vs--other-developed-countries.html.
“Understanding the Transgender Community.” HRC,

RESOURCES
www.hrc.org/resources/understanding-the-transgender-community. Accessed 19
Apr. 2021.
Sullivan, Kevin. “MORE GOOD NEWS FOR LGBTQ COMMUNITY.” Barrett
& Farahany: “Justice at Work,” 18 Aug. 2020,
www.justiceatwork.com/resources/2016/november/the-negative-effects-of-
gender-discrimination.