NANO TECHNOLOGY

BY
RAJU.B
 HISTORY
The idea of
nanotechnology was born
in December 29, 1959
when physicist Richard
Feynman gave a lecture
exploring the idea of
building things at the Richard Feynman.
atomic and molecular
scale.
Because it can
bring
revolution in
the current

industrializatio
n and
manufacturing
processes.
What is Nanotechnology?
Greek English

Simply stated, it is the

world of the very small
things, such as molecules
and atoms.
what is nanotechnology?
“Nanotechnology is the art and science of
manipulating matter at the nanoscale”
NEED FOR
NANOTECHNOLOGY ?
 Allows the placement of small structures placed
with
precision,simplicity and low cost

 Leads to economic growth

 Enhances national security

 Improves the quality of life

 Leads to create jobs

 S O F
T I O N
L I C A L OG
AP P H N O
O T E C
N AN
Y
CNT’s are the alloptropes of carbon with a
cylindrical nanostructure.

These have been constructed with length

to diameter ratio upto 28,000,000:1.
 APPLICATIONS:-
 To make bullet proof
clothes.
 In electric circuits.
 In solar cells.
 In paper batteries.
 In NRAM (nano
RAM).
 Nano Transistors

 Nano Diodes

 OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) 

 Plasma Displays

 Quantum Computers
 Fuel Cells

 Solar Cells
 Batteries

 Energy Capture and

Storage
ELECTRICALS:
NANOGENERATORS
A nanogenerator is any nanoscale device used to
generate power. Alternatively, a nanogenerator
may be any generator that uses nanoscale tools,
like nano wires, to generate electricity.
.In this work, we present a direct-write technology to
Produce and place piezoelectric PVDF nanofibers at
the same time with the in-situ poling and mechanical
stretching process simultaneously as the foundation for
nanogenerators .

Schematic showing the experimental setup for the piezoelectric charge

detection from an individual barium-titanate nano wire.
NANO WIRES

A graph showing spikes of electric

discharge as the nano wires are
scanned
 Design and fabrication of nano generator

Nanowires made of zinc oxide convert vibrations into electricity

fabrication process of the nanogenerator

•. First, two aluminum electrodes are

put on the plastic substrate

• The aluminum electrodes serve as the

collector for piezoelectricity
measurement.

• Secondly, we directly write PVDF

Nanofiber across two grounded
aluminum electrodes using the NFES process.

•Finally, silver pastes are applied the two ends of PVDF nanofiber so
that the bonding between nanofiber and electrodes are reinforced
and the contact resistance is reduced.
 Advantages and Potential Applications:
The piezoelectric nano generator could potentially
convert the following into electric energy
for self-powering nano devices and nano systems:

•mechanical-movement energy, such as body or

muscle movement or blood pressure;

•vibration energy, from acoustic or ultrasonic

waves; and

• hydraulic energy, such as from the flow of body

fluids or blood, the con-traction of blood vessels,
or dynamic fluid in nature.
MECHANICAL
ENERGY

VIBRATIONAL
ENERGY
How much Energy a person can generate?

The average person's body could, theoretically, generate

100 watts of electricity using a bio-nano generator. However, this
estimate is only true if all food was converted to electricity
, and the human body needs some energy consistently, so possible
power generated is likely much lower. The electricity
generated by such a device could power devices embedded in the
body (such as pacemakers), or sugar-fed nanorobots.

Mechanical Energy Electrical Energy

our body produces: available from our
body:

Blood flow: 0.93

watts Blood flow: 0.16 watts
Exhaling: 1.00 Exhaling: 0.17 watts
watts Inhaling: 0.14 watts
Inhaling: 0.83 Walking: 11.4 watts
watts
Walking: 67.0
watts
a nanogenerator shown with a pacemaker.
 New nanotechnology electrodes
could generate electricity at lower
cost than solar arrays

A study published in the American

Chemical Society's journal Nano
Letters reveals that thermocells based
on carbon nanotube electrodes might
eventually be used for generating
electrical energy from heat discarded
by chemical plants, automobiles and
solar cell farms
With NT, we can create unique
materials and products which
are:

Stronger
Lighter
Cheaper
Durable
Precise
 Computers can become a billion times faster and a million
times smaller

 Automatic Pollution Cleanup

 Manufacturing at almost no cost

End of Illnesses (i.e. cancer, heart disease)

Universal Immunity (i.e. aids, flu)

Body Sculpting
(i.e. change your appearance)
 o rld
in t his W
rfec t
i s pe
o th ing
N
 DISADVANTAGES
 Loss of jobs (in manufacturing, farming, etc)

 Carbon Nanotubes could cause infection of lungs

 Oil & Diamonds could become worthless

 Atomic weapons could be more accessible and

destructive
Examples of Future Use of NT
 Electronic Paper

 Nokia Morph

 Contact Lens
National Science and Technology Council (USA)
claims that:
“Nanotechnology is an enabling technology that will
change the nature of almost every human-made object
in the next century.”
 T ha n k
You
Only a fool knows everything. A wise man knows how little he knows.