PRINCIPLES, ADVANTAGES

AND DISADVANTAGES OF ELT

METHODS
NAME: AISHA BT AZMAN | UNIT: TESL 1
ELT METHODS
1. TOTAL PHYSICAL RESPONSE
2. COMMUNICATIVE LANGUAGE TEACHING
3. THE LEXICAL APPROACH
4. TASK BASED LANGUAGE LEARNING
5. COMMUNITY LANGUAGE LEARNING
TOTAL PHYSICAL RESPONSE
● A way of teaching language or vocabulary concepts by
using physical activity to react to verbal input.
● Principles:
1. Establish a new language comprehension before
you speak. Students are allowed to stay silent.
2. Moving the body tends to preserve the vocabulary.
3. Imperatives are used to direct students.
4. Observing and carrying out acts are helpful.
5. Novelty is enjoyable, however the teacher has to switch
up commands and add new ones.
6. The spoken language should be preferred over the
written form.
7. Students are going to speak when they're ready
ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES TPR
ADVANTAGES
It is fun and easy
A good tool for learning
vocabulary
TPR does not require a great
deal of preparation on the part
of the teacher
DISADVANTAGES
Students are not given the
opportunity to express their own
views and thoughts in a creative way.
It is easy to overuse TPR.
It is limited, since everything cannot
be explained with this method.
COMMUNICATIVE LANGUAGE TEACHING
● A set of principles about teaching including
recommendations about method and syllabus where
the focus is on meaningful communication not structure,
use not usage.
● Principles:
1. Provide chances for learners to interact with others
and try out what they know.
2. Provide opportunities for learners to improve both
accuracy and fluidity.
3. Link the various talents, such as communicating,
reading, and listening together, as they normally do in the
real world.
4. Let students stimulate or discover the laws of grammar.
ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES CLT
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

The communicative approach is It pays insufficient attention to the

much more pupil-oriented, since it context in which teaching and
is focused on the desires and learning take place
needs of students.

Children acquire the rules of Only focuses on fluency but not

grammar as the need to speak is accuracy.
more confident and effective.
THE LEXICAL APPROACH
● A way of analysing and teaching language based on
the idea that it is made up of lexical units rather than
grammatical structures.
● Principles:
1. Language consists of grammatical lexis and not
lexicalised grammar
2. Raising students awareness of, and developing their
ability to use multi words successfully
3. The grammar/vocabulary dichotomy is invalid; much
language consists of multi-words
4. Lexical and metaphorical patterning are accorded
appropriate status
ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES TLA
ADVANTAGES
Speed-students quickly solve
problems and are not slowed
down to look up terms
DISADVANTAGES
Lacks from a full
characterization of an approach

Vocabulary acquisition and Not a detailed learning theory

development are enhanced
TASK BASED LANGUAGE LEARNING
● A lesson structure, a method of sequencing activities in
your lessons.
● Principles:
1. Based on the use of tasks
2. Focused on the usage of the authentic language
3. Focused on process rather than product
ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES OF TBLL
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

Learners can engage in real Some learners may prefer more

communication, and get good structure and guidance
opportunities to communicate

Language can arise from learner The technique may call for
needs considerable classroom
management skills with some
classes
COMMUNITY LANGUAGE LEARNING
● A language teaching approach in which students work
together to develop what elements of a language they
would like to learn.
● Principles:
1. Language is for communication
2. Teacher must build a relationship with the students
from the outset.
3. Each task must be explained
4. Interaction among students is desired
ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES CLL
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

Allow the learners to determine Relies completely on inductive

type of conversation and to learning.
analyze the language inductively

Overcome the threatening Teacher can become too non

affective factors in EFL and ESL. directive.
Provide motivation and capitalize The success of the method relies
on instinct motivation largely on the translation
expertise of the counselor