The Parthenon is a former temple on the Athenian

Acropolis, Greece, dedicated to the goddess

Athena, whom the people of Athens considered
their patroness. Construction started in 447 BC
when the Athenian Empire was at the peak of its
power
column, in architecture, a vertical element, usually
a rounded shaft with a capital and a base, which in
most cases serves as a support. A column may also
be nonstructural, used for a decorative purpose or
as a freestanding monument.
 Dome, in architecture, hemispherical structure
evolved from the arch, usually forming a ceiling or
roof. ... The dome exerts thrusts all around its
perimeter, and the earliest monumental examples,
such as the Roman Pantheon, required heavy
supporting walls.
 An arch is a vertical curved structure that spans an
elevated space and may or may not support the weight
above it, or in case of a horizontal arch like an arch dam,
the hydrostatic pressure against it. Arches may be
synonymous with vaults, but a vault may be distinguished
as a continuous arch forming a roof.
 In architecture, symmetry is the reflection of shared
forms, shapes, or angles across a central line or point
called the axis. Basically, components that mirror each
other across an axis are symmetrical. ... Symmetry helps
bind various elements of a structure together into a
single, unified whole.