“LIGHT FIDELITY(LI –FI)”

Submitted By
K.JAYANTH (18H71A0479)

Under the Esteemed Guidance of

Mr. D. RAHUL, M.S.,
Assistant Professor

AUTONOMOUS
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

Devineni Venkata Ramana & Dr. Hima Sekhar

MIC College of Technology

 Kanchikacherla-521180, Krishna Dist., A.P, India.  

ACADEMIC YEAR: 2019-2020

 CONTENTS
• Motivation

• Objective

• Introduction

• Block Diagram

• Components

• Flow chart

• Results

• advantages

• applications

• References

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Motivation

Gas leakage leads to various accidents resulting in both material loss and human injuries. The risk of
explosion, firing, suffocation are based on their physical properties such toxicity, flammability, etc. The
number of deaths due to explosion of gas cylinders has been increasing in recent years. The reason for
such explosion is due to substandard cylinders, old valves, worn out regulators and lack of awareness in
handling gas cylinders .however there is a serious problem of their leakage. It may lead to suffocation
when inhaled and may lead to explosion. To avoid this problem there is a need for a system to detect
the leakage of LPG. Gas leak detection is the process of identifying potentially hazardous gas leaks by
means of various sensors. Several designs of LPG detection and alert system have been proposed in the
literature. designed kitchen gas leakage detection and automatic gas shut off system .

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Objective

Many accidents occur in day to day life like explosion because of LPG leakage. Major harm is
caused, if gas leakage is not detected early. But now we can detect the gas leakage using the
MQ6 gas sensor. In this gas leakage detector. Such Arduino based gas leakage detector systems
can be installed in homes, hotels LPG gas storage areas. In this LPG gas detector system senses
the LPG gas using MQ6 gas sensor. This device will continuously monitor the level of LPG gas
present in the air. While monitoring, if the value of LPG gas in air is within the set limit then the
RGB LED on the circuit will glow green giving a safe sign. And whenever the gas exceeds above
the predefined limit than the RGB LED will glow red and simultaneously solenoid value will turn
off and update it. This Arduino and project will help in detecting gas leakage in the surrounding

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Introduction:

• LPG leakage detection system which help in our security and make our home and
kitchen safe from the LPG leakage system. this system can detect easily the gas in
the surrounding. you now not need to worry about the LPG leakage. so let start the
project and working of it.
• you need to get the sensor value and use into the alarm. there is some buzzer or
speaker for alert the people. LPG leakage system show value into the analog format.
LPG gas sensor is very sensitive to the LPG sensor we cam also adjust the value from
the potentiometer mounter over the sensor. so you can change the sensitivity
according o your requirement

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BLOCK DIAGRAM :

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MQ6 SENSOR :

• The MQ-6 LPG - Isobutane - Propane Gas

Sensor is a semiconductor gas sensor that
detects the presence of LPG, Isobutane, and
Propane gas at concentrations from 100 ppm to
10,000 ppm, a range suitable for detecting gas
leaks.
• .The MQ-6 LPG - Isobutane - Propane Gas
Sensor detects the concentration of gas in the air
and outputs its reading as an analog voltage. 
• The sensor can operate at temperatures from -10
to 50°C and consumes less than 150 mA at 5 V.

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LED :

• A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor light

source that emits light when current flows through it
• LEDs can be switched on and off faster than the
human eyes can detect since the operating speed of
LEDs is less than 1 microsecond.
• This invisible on-off activity enables data transmission
using binary codes.
• If the LED is on, a digital ‘1’ is transmitted and if the
LED is off, a digital ‘0’ is transmitted.
• Also these LEDs can be switched on and off very
quickly which gives us a very nice opportunity for
transmitting data through LED lights,

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 Resistor:
• It is a passive electronic component that implements electrical
resistance as a circuit element. In electronic circuits, resistors are
used to reduce current flow.
• .High-power resistors that can dissipate many watts of
electrical power as heat, may be used as part of motor
controls, in power distribution systems, or as test loads
for generators..

Bread board:
• A breadboard is used to build and test circuits quickly
• before finalizing any circuit design. The breadboard has
• many holes into which circuit components like ICs and
• resistors can be inserted

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Capacitor:
• A capacitor is a device that stores electrical energy in
an electric field. It is a passive electronic component with
two terminals. The effect of a capacitor is known
as capacitance. While some capacitance exists between any
two electrical conductors in proximity in a circuit, a
capacitor is a component designed to add capacitance to a
circuit.
• The 3 digit code 104 written over ceramic capacitor
indicates its value. The first two digits (10) of this code are
first two digits of capacitor value and third digit (4) gives
the number of zeroes to be added so as to get capacitor
value in pico farads which is 10,0000 pF or 0.1 uF.

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 Battery:

• A battery is a device consisting of one or more electrochemical

cells with external connections for powering electrical devices
such as flashlights, mobile phones, and electric cars.
• When a battery is supplying electric power, its positive terminal
is the cathode and its negative terminal is the anode. The
terminal marked negative is the source of electrons that will flow
through an external electric circuit to the positive terminal.
• When a battery is connected to an external electric load,
a redox reaction converts high-energy reactants to lower-energy
products, and the free-energy difference is delivered to the
external circuit as electrical energy. 
• Historically the term "battery" specifically referred to a device
composed of multiple cells, however the usage has evolved to
include devices composed of a single cell.

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Aurdino uno:
• Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board
based on the ATmega328P (datasheet).
• It has 14 digital input/output pins (of which
6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog
inputs, a 16 MHz ceramic resonator
(CSTCE16M0V53-R0), a USB connection,
a power jack, an ICSP header and a reset
button.
• It contains everything needed to support the
microcontroller; simply connect it to a
computer with a USB cable or power it with
a AC-to-DC adapter or battery to get
started.

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Flow chart: Start

MQ6
Sensor

Auduino uno

Transistor SL100

L.E.D

Buzzer

Stop

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Results :

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 Advantages :
• The inspection is performed without any interruption of plant operation or
personnel responsibilities.
• The time required to carry out the inspection is dramatically reduced,
reducing the cost.
• Because you are able to visually see the gas leaks, you can estimate the leak
rate and dispersion pattern and trace it to its source.
• You can easily locate and prioritize the larger leaks and the leaks that have
the most potential of environmental impact, sensitive safety concerns, or
production losses.
• Most leaks can be visually detected from ground level, so overhead leaks
will not be overlooked.  Additionally, the expense involved with erecting
scaffolds or using ladders to gain access to elevated areas can be eliminated.
• You are able to visually detect gas emissions in the air of buildings or areas
before entering them, adding an additional safety benefit to hand held gas
leak detection.

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Applications :
1.Protection from any Gas leakage in cars
2.For safety from gas leakage in heating gas fired
3.applications like boilers, domestic water heaters
4.Large industries which uses gas as their production
5.For safety from gas leakage in cooking gas fired applications like ovens, stoves
etc

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CONCLUSION :

Gas leakage leads to severe accidents resulting in material losses and human
injuries. Gas leakage occurs mainly due to poor maintenance of equipments and
inadequate awareness of the people. Hence, LPG leakage detection is essential
to prevent accidents and to save human lives. This paper presented LPG leakage
detection and alert system. This system triggers LED and buzzer to alert people
when LPG leakage is detected. This system is very simple yet reliable .

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Future scope :

As light is everywhere and free to use, there is a great scope for the use
and evolution of LiFi technology. If this technology becomes mature, each
Li-Fi bulb can be used to transmit wireless data. As the Li-Fi technology
becomes popular, it will lead to a cleaner, greener, safer communications and
have a bright future and environment. The concept of Li-Fi is deriving many
people as it is free (require no license) and faster means of data transfer. If it
evolves faster, people will use this technology more and more.

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References
1. http://www.warse.org/pdfs/2014/icetetssp25.pdf
2. http://www.onlinejournal.in/IJIRV2I6/006.pdf
3. http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=6685753
4. www.oledcomm.com 17
5. http://ijariie.com/AdminUploadPdf/Review_Paper_on_Li_Fi__Light_Fidelity__ijarii e2056.pdf

6. http://www.lifi-lab.com/lifi/lifi-enhanced-mode-future-wireless-communicationreview.html.

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