ESSENTIAL PROPERTIES OF

TEXTILE FIBRES

SUGGESTED BY: PRESENTED BY:

MR. AMIT SHUKLA POOJA YADAV,
SUSHMITA KUSHWAHA
INTRODUCTION
 A textile is flexible material consisting of network of natural or
artificial fiber often referred to as thread or yarn .
 Fiber is defined as unit of matter characterised byflexibility
,fineness and a high ratio of length to thickness .
FIBERS AND TEXTILE FIBRES
lA fiber is a material which is several times as
long as it’s thick .
lIt is smallest textile components which is
microscopic hair like substance that may be
man made or natural .
lFiber have been defined as the textile
institute as units of matter characterised by:
ü Flexibility .
ü Fineness .
ü High ratio length to thickness .
Primary properties or essential properties of textile fibre are:
l Length
l Strength
l Elasticity
l Uniformity
l Spinnability
u Flexibility
u Cohesiveness
LENGTH
 A pre-requisitefor the processing of the fibres into the
yarns and fabric is that their lengths must be more than
width. The minimum length to breadth ratio is 100:1.
 Almost all textile fibres have the length to breadth ratio
of more than 1000:1.
 Length of fibres is also a basis for classifying them into
two groups staple and filament. Staple fibres are of
relative short length fibres and filament fibres are
continuous length fibres.
STRENGTH
 The strength indicates the resistance sustained by fibres,
the yarns or the fabrics to break when force is applied to
them.
 Strength of the any material is determined by the breaking
strength (that is tenacity strength) which express as force
per unit cross - sectional area.
 Tenacity = breaking load/mass per unit length
 Tenacity express as grams per tex or grams per denier.
ELASTICITY/ELASTIC
RECOVERY
 Elasticityis the property indicating the ability of the
material to regain original shape, after being deformed by
application of force.
1000cm

1050cm

1000cm - elastic rwcovery 100%

UNIFORMITY
 Itis essential that there should be limited variations in
length and diameter between fibre to fibre.
 Tomake a good quality yarn, it is important that the fibres
must be similar in length and width.
SPINNABILITY
l FLEXIBILITY
l The property of bending without breaking is called
flexibility.

l COHESIVENESS
l Cohesiveness is the ability of fibre to stick together in yarn
manufacturing process.
l If fibre shape surface do not contribute then coils, crimps or
zigzag shapes are produced for cohesiveness.
REFERENCE
u A Text Book of Fibre Science and
Technology written by S.P. Mishra
u Slideshare by Amit kumar
u Slideshare by Bademaw Abate
u Slideshare by shahzaib Yousuf
THANK YOU!:-)