SRI VASAVI ENGINEERING COLLEGE

(Autonomous)

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION

ENGINEERING

IOT BASED TRANSFORMER HEALTH

MONITORING SYSTEM
Presenting By:
G.JAGADESH KUMAR(17A81A0474)
ECE-B
 CONTENTS
Introduction
Need of Transformer Monitoring
Causes Of Transformer Failure
THMS Using IOT
Components
Block Diagram & Circuit Diagram
Working
Advantages & Disadvantages
Applications
Conclusion
Reference
 INTRODUCTION
• Every snapshot of our lifespan depends on electricity. Electricity unit has hardware that
helps human to exchange and manage distribution as indicated by use.
• The transmission and distribution sector of electricity purely depends on transformer.
• The distribution transformer is an electrical gear in the control cabinet that specifically
distributes energy to customers and its operational condition is vital for the distribution of
organizational managers.
• Distribution transformers have a long service life if they are operated under good and rated
conditions.
• However, their life is significantly reduced if they are overloaded, resulting in unexpected
failures and loss of supply to a large number of customers thus effecting system reliability.
• Overloading and ineffective cooling of transformers are the major causes of failure in
distribution transformers.
 NEED OF TRANSFORMER MONITORING
The Monitoring Devices Which Are Presently Used For Monitoring Transformer
Have Some Problems And Deficiencies Such As,
• Manual Monitoring System Generally Detects A Single Parameter Such As
Power, Current, Voltage And Phase. The Time For Acquiring The Data Or
Readings And Operating Parameters Is Too Long And Testing Speed Is Not So
Fast Enough.
• Detection System Is Not Reliable Because Poor Anti-jamming Capability And
Low Measurement Accuracy Of The Data.
• Timely Detection Data Will Not Be Sent To Monitoring Centres In Time.
• Cost Of Presently Used Monitoring System Is Very High.
According To The Above Requirements We Need A Real-time Electrical
Parameters Monitoring System To Detect All Operating Parameters And Send It
To The Monitoring Centre In Time.
 CAUSES OF TRANSFORMER FAILURE

INTERNAL FAULTS EXTERNAL FAULTS

• Humidity • Lightning Strike
• Moisture • System Faults
• Insulation Deterioration • System Overload
• Overheating • Switching Operations
• Winding Resonance
• Oil Contamination
• Designing Effects
TRANSFORMER HEALTH MONITORING SYSTEM
USING IOT
• The Transformer Health Monitoring System is defined as a group of components
built together in order to sense and monitor various parameters of a Distribution
Transformer (or) a Power Transformer that are vital to its functionality.
• The device is broken up into five categories: Power, Sensors, Logic Hardware,
Wireless, and Computer Programming.
• There are four sensors that read: the voltage and current across the lines,
frequency and the temperature inside of the transformer.
• Once information about the transformer has been measured, the information goes
through various internal components of the device and to the microcontroller.
• The final aspect of the device is the computer programming where the user will
be able to view the information about the transformers
 COMPONENTS

• Transformer
• Voltage Sensor
• Current Sensor
• Frequency Sensor
• Temperature Sensor
• Oil Level Sensor
• Micro Controller
• LCD Display
• GSM Module
• Monitoring Device
BLOCK DIAGRAM
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
 WORKING

• Initialize proposed system with button switch.

• All sensors such as current sensor, temperature sensor, oil level sensor, vibration
sensor and humidity sensor take the reading from the transformer.
• All analog values are sent to ADC to convert them into digital.
• Digital values are passed to PIC 18F4550 microcontroller.
• PIC 18F4550 display these values on LCD.
• Microcontroller sends these values on webpage IP address.
• If any emergency condition occurs then immediately SMS is sent to engineers
present over there through GSM.
• Buzzer beeps for indication at RTU side.
• Webpage Valued box will blow red to alert online.
• All the data values are saved in database periodically.
 ADVANTAGES

• Detect Of The Faults In Real Time Based On Current, Voltage, Temperature,

And Internal Flux.
• Increase System Reliability And Stability By The Monitoring System.
• The System Prevents Faults And Losses Of The Power Supply Which
Significantly Benefits Utility Consumers
• Overcurrent, Overheating Are Prevented Using This Technique.
• Cost For This Type Of Monitoring Is Low.
• Not Causes Any Disturbance To Other Networks
 DISADVANTAGES

• Security/Privacy
• Safety
 APPLICATIONS

• Distribution Transformer Monitoring

• Substations Under Distribution Companies Are Large In Number And So Do
The Distribution Transformers, Even They Are At Different Geographical
Areas, Thus System Introduced Can Be Used In Monitoring All Distribution
Transformers Of An Area Under A Substation Autonomously.
 CONCLUSION

• The proposed technique with results has shown that the protection scheme
works properly with accuracy, sensitivity of this scheme very high for the
abnormal and faulty conditions. Transformer Health Monitoring will help to
identify or recognize unexpected situations before any serious failure which
leads to greater reliability and significant cost savings.
 REFERENCE

• ‘IOT based condition monitoring of transformer’ International journal for

scientific researched and development vol-1.
• Research of wireless monitoring system in power distribution transformer IEEE
• Transformer Monitoring using IoT Technology P. ThamizhIllakiya Third year,
Department of EEE.
• Abdul-Rahman AI-Ali, Abdul Khaliq & Muhammad Arshad,” GSM-Based
Distribution Transformer Monitoring System”, IEEE