BAP – 409

SEMINAR

RESEARCH TOPIC

ROLE OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND URBAN

PLANNING IN PROMOTING AFFORDABLE HOUSING FOR
THE URBAN POOR  

00306142017 Megha Khanna

00506142017 Prachi Cheema
00906142017 Garima Singh
01306142017 Khushi Yadav
Research Guide - Ar. Neetu Kaushal 01806142017 Yusra Fatima Ahmad
Co-Ordinator - Ar. Venus Kashyap 02906142017 Ria Nath
 INTRODUCTION

NEED FOR AFFORDABLE

Fig. 2 (a) MIGRATION Fig. 2 (b)POPULATION INCREASE HOUSING

Fig. 2 (c) URBANIZATION Fig. 2 (d) EMERGENCE OF

SLUMS
NEED FOR AFFORDABLE NEED FOR AFFORDABLE
HOUSING MAJOR PROBLEM HOUSING
The density of the population The concentration of population in - Migration due to the search for
increases due to migration from rural a few selected cities and towns. employment in urban areas.
to urban areas. - Poor financial conditions
 PILLARS OF
SOCIAL ENVIRONMENTAL
SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT

ECONOMICAL
Fig. 3 (c)
Fig. 3 (a)

•These factors ensure a high-quality

• These
builtfactors ensure a high-quality
environment.
built environment.
• Sustainability is often neglected while
• Sustainability
planning or is often neglected
designing while
affordable
planning
housing.or designing affordable
housing.
Fig. 3 (b) Fig. 3 (d)
 URBAN PLANNING

Fig. 4 (a) ENVIRONMENTA Fig. 4 (e) PHYSICAL

Forms the bedrock for all proposed urban
L
development taking into account all sorts
of housing.

MAJOR GOAL Fig. 4 (b) SOCIAL Fig. 4 (f) INSTITUTIONAL

Fig. 4 (h)
Citizens maintain comfortable living
standards at intervals of reasonable
property housing.

Fig. 4 (c) CULTURA Fig. 4 (g) FINANCIAL

L

Fig. 4 (d) ECONOMIC

 HOUSING FOR URBAN
POOR

Fig. 5 (d)

Fig. 5 (a) Fig. 5 (c)

PRINCIPLES OF URBAN AFFORDABLE
PLANNING HOUSING

Fig. 5 (c) SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

PARAMETERS
 AIM
To study promotion of affordable housing for the urban poor by employing sustainable
development and urban planning.
 OBJECTIVE

 To study the need for promotion of affordable housing in India.

 To study how affordability plays a role in creating inclusive cities for the urban
poor.
 To identify critical sustainable development parameters for affordable housing.
 To study materials and energy-saving strategies to keep a low cost of maintenance
for affordable housing.
 To analyse the critical issues and challenges faced by the sustainable and affordable
housing sector.
 To study urban planning principles that affect sustainable development.
 To study the various government initiatives taken towards affordable housing for
urban poor in India.
Fig. 7 (a)
 To devise a conceptual framework by collecting data from secondary case studies
and analysing them.

 
 RESEARCH QUESTIONS

 What are the reasons for lack of affordable housing for low income groups?
 What is the need for sustainable housing?
 What are the constraints for sustainability not being implemented despite being the need of the hour?
 What are the aspects that inter relate sustainability and affordability of housing?
 What are the principles of urban planning that determine affordability of housing?
 Why is low-income housing a struggle despite the policies and initiatives taken by the government?
 What is the significance of sustainable and affordable housing for urban poor?
 CASE STUDY
• Aranya Housing and Tata Shubh Griha housing
will be studied to analyze how sustainable and
affordable housing is achieved via considering
extrinsic site factors, and the use of sustainable
building materials.
• Site planning factors such as environmental
factors, identification of the site and its
preparation, natural factors, climatic factors,
cultural factors, and existing land use.
• These case studies have been chosen since they are Fig. 9(a)
sustainable and affordable for the urban poor.

Selection criteria
 Thoughtful integration of goals and features of
sustainable development

 They are affordable for the urban poor and

comply with urban planning principles. 

Fig. 9(b)
 ARANYA GROUP HOUSING
Location - Aranya Nagar near Indore,
India
Architect - Balkrishna Doshi HEALTH
Site area - 85 hectares (210 acres) N.J.G. BANK CENTRE
Total built-up area - 100,000 sq. m. 600m
Total no. Of plots - 6500 HEALTH CARE
(7mins walking)
Year completed - 1989
BANK OF INDIA
Award - aga khan award in 1996

Aranya housing accommodates over HEALTH CLINIC Fig. 10 (a)

80,000 individuals through a system of CENTRE MILTON
houses, courtyards and a labyrinth of AXIX BANK PUBLIC
internal pathways. The community SCHOOL
100m
comprises over 6,500 residences, amongst 120M
six sectors – each of which features a 200m (2mins walking)
range of housing options, from modest
INDUSLAND
one-room units to spacious houses, to 300m
BANK Fig. 10 (b)
accommodate a range of incomes.
The criteria for site selection was based on 400m
BANK OF
the linkage to the city and employment
INDIA
generated in the surrounding industrial
areas. 650 m
(8mins walking)

Fig. 10 (c)
 ACCESSIBILITY CIRCULATION

 Important amenities are in proximity which make
it easily accessible for the residents.
 Some of the utilities include - Health Centre,
Secondary School, Central, Facilities, Public
Squares, Commercial Centre, Playground.
Vehicular  Vehicular and pedestrian traffic are segregated clearly.
circulation  Vehicular access in rectilinear form and formal roads in
hierarchy, wide road draw the vehicles outwardly.
Pedestrian
circulation  Pedestrian access in form of informal interlinked open
spaces draws people inwardly.
 ZONING (ON BASIS OF INCOME GROUPS)

EWS 1,2,3
4262 Plots = 65.1%
Plot Area = 35-45 sq. m.

LIG 1,2,3
1095 Plots = 16.6%
Plot Area = 140-220 sq. m.

MIG 1,2
891 Plots = 13.5%
Plot Area = 140-220 sq. m.

HIG 1,2
255 Plots = 4.4%
Plot Area = 325-450 sq. m.

FLATS
40 Plots = 0.5%
Plot Area = 618 sq. m.

Green Area Commercial + Institutional Area

 The zoning promotes neighbourhood concept.

 Mixed and multiple land use promote formation of different communities.
 Streets are formed which accommodate social, economic and domestic activities.
 The zoning is inclusionary promoting interaction among all.
 Fig. 13 (a) Fig. 13 (b)
Building Material –

• The building façade uses interesting bright colors to buck the stereotypical image of
low-income housing.
• Few elements such as railings, grills and cornices which are seen in old houses of Indore
are used in some houses in the township.

Fig. 10 (c) Fig. 10 (d)

 TATA HOUSING
Location: Boisar, Thane, Maharashtra

Architects: tata housing architects and HOK

Architects

Site area: 67 acres

Total no. of units: 3299

Year of completion: 2010

FIG: 14(a) POWERGRID CORPORATION

FIG: 14(b) OSTWAL KESAR PARK FIG: 14(c) THEEM COLLEGE
OF INDIA LTD
ACCESSIBILITY AND CIRCULATION • Shubh Griha is designed to provide low-income group with
small, low cost, sustainable housing that promotes healthy
lifestyles, conserves energy and offers a strong sense of
community.
• Inputs of local residents were continuously sought out. That
effort resulted in some significant design alterations, such as the
inclusion of shaded walkways and open courtyard space for
vendors, and it has helped the project blend into its local
environment.

SITE SELECTION CRITERIA

• Boisar is an industrial area with more than 1500 businesses and

many companies-built facilities like TATA Steel, JSW Steel,
BARC, Tarapur Power, and many more.
• Strategically located Mahagaon Rd, offers all the essential
amenities that will uplift the quality of life of residents.
• Close proximity to various industries, colleges will help the
BOISAR RAILWAY STATION
(2.3KM) resident in employment opportunity
BOISAR MIDC POLICE STATION • Also, placed right next to the TATA’s sister project New
(5.2KM)
SAI CLINIC (HOSPITAL) Havens, further provide many Shubh Griha residents work as
(2.8KM)
domestic help, gardeners and security personals.
FIG: 15(a)
 CIRCULATION

Vehicular and
pedestrian paths
are segregated to
promote a
pedestrian and
cycle friendly
neighbourhood.

FIG: 16(a)
 ZONING

LEGENDS

FIG:17(a)

•It is a low  story buildings, along with shaded sidewalks and shops and apartments that opens directly onto the street.
•The landscaping, for example, includes mango trees that provide shade as well as  revenue for the occupants.
•The inclusion of shaded sidewalks and open courtyard space for vendors helped the project to blend with the local environment.
 MATERIALS
FIG: 18(a) FIG: 18(b)
• Reinforced concrete blocks were used to build the
apartment building rather than bricks to make the building
sustainable.
• For better insulated homes that would stay cooler in
Mumbai’s hot summer, load bearing walls was built from
reinforced concrete which reduced overall carbon footprint.
• Construction worker were provided with training and
workshops on how to use concrete blocks.
LANDSCAPING
FIG: 18(c) FIG: 18(d)
• The landscaping, for example, includes mango trees
that provide shade plus revenue for the occupants.
• The buildings are oriented to take advantage of cross-
ventilation, and all outdoor lighting on the property is
powered by solar panels. Interior lighting is supplied
by compact fluorescent bulbs.
 Image Sources –
FIG 7(a) https://salud-america.org/6-emerging-ways-cities-can-solve-the-affordable-housing-crisis/

FIG 9(b) https://www.proptiger.com/mumbai/boisar/tata-value-homes-shubh-griha-510289

FIG 14(a)
https://www.google.com/maps/place/PowerGrid+Corporation+of+India+Ltd/@19.7875079,72.7837085,2217m/data=!3m1!1e3!4m12!1m6!3m5!1s0x3be71ebb9116e5c5:0xe33b4d6900b06
71c!2sTheem+College+of+Engineering!8m2!3d19.7822031!4d72.7876462!3m4!1s0x3be71ec13eac56c7:0x46ff00f2c8bc8377!8m2!3d19.7933515!4d72.7854323?hl=en

FIG 14(b)
https://www.google.com/maps/place/Ostwal+Kesar+Park/@19.7840186,72.7819817,1244m/data=!3m1!1e3!4m12!1m6!3m5!1s0x3be71ebb9116e5c5:0xe33b4d6900b0671c!2sTheem+Coll
ege+of+Engineering!8m2!3d19.7822031!4d72.7876462!3m4!1s0x3be71ebe1d493253:0x2fa6ade7b3ee8368!8m2!3d19.7837408!4d72.7800223?hl=en

FIG 14(c)
https://www.google.com/maps/place/Theem+College+of+Engineering/@19.7821299,72.7879309,3a,75y,90t/data=!3m8!1e2!3m6!1sAF1QipPM4cMAlt2AIV7YGQOC6eTy8V80ubZQOvy
zMVE3!2e10!3e12!6shttps:%2F%2Flh5.googleusercontent.com%2Fp%2FAF1QipPM4cMAlt2AIV7YGQOC6eTy8V80ubZQOvyzMVE3%3Dw114-h86-k-no!7i4608!8i3456!4m5!3m4!1s
0x3be71ebb9116e5c5:0xe33b4d6900b0671c!8m2!3d19.7822031!4d72.7876462?hl=en

FIG 15(a) https://housing.com/in/buy/projects/page/83130-tata-shubh-griha-by-tata-value-homes-in-boisar

FIG 16(a) https://www.proptiger.com/mumbai/boisar/tata-value-homes-shubh-griha-510289#jsGalleryWrapper&gid=1&pid=4

FIG 17(a) https://www.proptiger.com/mumbai/boisar/tata-value-homes-shubh-griha-510289#jsGalleryWrapper&gid=1&pid=4

FIG 18(a) https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/detail-of-reinforced-concrete-blocks-wall-gm939496860-256870465

FIG 18(b) https://www.livemint.com/Companies/7LRoFKtSeYP804nuMaevLP/Tata-Housing-sets-sights-on-Rs-1520-lakh-affordable-homes-a.html

FIG 18(c) https://www.nobroker.in/property/1-RK-apartment-for-rent-in-TATA-shubh-griha-vasind-mumbai-for-rs-1000/ff8081815f104fdf015f14d05ca86e05/detail

FIG 18(d)
https://www.google.com/search?q=TATA+Shubh+GRIHA+Boisar+while+construction&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwj_k8vsvcjrAhUB_jgGHa6EDoMQ2-cCegQIABAA&oq=TATA
+Shubh+GRIHA+Boisar+while+construction&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQAzoECAAQGFDpuyhYr-UoYM7qKGgAcAB4AIABqwGIAb8TkgEEMC4xOZgBAKABAaoBC2d3cy13aXot
aW1nwAEB&sclient=img&ei=CoVOX__mO4H84-EProm6mAg&bih=754&biw=1536&rlz=1C1CHBF_enIN870IN870#imgrc=aeAmPdMJOW2kuM&imgdii=tm5x2EGQdFrzfM