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  • Catalysis in Ostwald Process

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    Nguyen Trang Nhung
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    The Ostwald process is used to manufacture nitric acid and involves three reactions: primary oxidation of ammonia to nitric oxide, secondary oxidation of nitric oxide to nitrogen dioxide, and absorption of nitrogen dioxide in water to form nitric acid. Wilhelm Ostwald received the 1909 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work on catalysis and chemical equilibria, including developing the Ostwald process which uses a platinum-rhodium gauze catalyst under pressure between 4-10 atm and high temperatures of 600-800°C to facilitate the oxidation reactions. The knitted platinum-rhodium gauze pattern helps reduce metal oxide production and strengthen the catalyst material.

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    The Ostwald process is used to manufacture nitric acid and involves three reactions: primary oxidation of ammonia to nitric oxide, secondary oxidation of nitric oxide to nitrogen dioxide, and absorption of nitrogen dioxide in water to form nitric acid. Wilhelm Ostwald received the 1909 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work on catalysis and chemical equilibria, including developing the Ostwald process which uses a platinum-rhodium gauze catalyst under pressure between 4-10 atm and high temperatures of 600-800°C to facilitate the oxidation reactions. The knitted platinum-rhodium gauze pattern helps reduce metal oxide production and strengthen the catalyst material.

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    34 views7 pages

    Catalysis in Ostwald Process

    Uploaded by

    Nguyen Trang Nhung
    The Ostwald process is used to manufacture nitric acid and involves three reactions: primary oxidation of ammonia to nitric oxide, secondary oxidation of nitric oxide to nitrogen dioxide, and absorption of nitrogen dioxide in water to form nitric acid. Wilhelm Ostwald received the 1909 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work on catalysis and chemical equilibria, including developing the Ostwald process which uses a platinum-rhodium gauze catalyst under pressure between 4-10 atm and high temperatures of 600-800°C to facilitate the oxidation reactions. The knitted platinum-rhodium gauze pattern helps reduce metal oxide production and strengthen the catalyst material.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 7

    Catalysis in Ostwald

    process
    by Nguyen Trang Nhung
    Ostwald process
    • Manufacture of nitric acid
    • Created and patented in 1902
    • Wilhelm Ostwald: awarded Nobel Prize in
    Chemistry 1909
     Catalysis
     Chemical equilibria
     Rates of reactions
    •  Primary oxidation
    4NH3 (g) + 5O2 (g) ⇌ 4NO(g) + 6H2O(g)
    •  Secondary oxidation
    2NO(g) + O2 (g) ⇌ 2NO2 (g) 
    •  Absorption of NO2
    3NO2 (g) + H2O(g) ⇌ 2HNO3 (aq) + NO(g)  
    •  Condensation
    using concentrated H2SO4 solution

    Reactions in Ostwald process


    Conditions of Ostwald process

    • Pressure: 4 – 10 atm
    • Temperature: 600 – 800oC
    • Catalyst: platinum-rhodium gauze
    Platinum
    gauze
    Heterogeneous catalyst
    O2

    Platinum gauze
    O O

    NH3 NH3 Adsorption

    O O

    NO
    Intermediate H 2O

    Desorption
    Knitted patterns:
    - Reduce metal oxides
    production
    - Strengthen the material

    Platinum gauze

    Add Rhodium: 
    - Rh2O3 is produced instead
    of PtO2
    - does not affect the
    efficiency of the reaction

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