ANALYSIS OF

AIR-FUEL FLOW
IN
GASOLINE DIRECT INJECTION ENGINE

PROJECT GUIDE - Dr. J G SURYAWANSHI

STUDENTS - NIKHIL MOORJANI
SHREYAS SHARMA
ESHANA RANAWAKA
 Aim of the Project

 Study the Technology behind Gasoline Direct

Injection engine
 Comparison of GDI engine with Carburetor
and Multipoint Injection engines
 To develop CFD fluid flow model inside a GDI
engine using Fluent and Gambit Software.
 Project Planning
 Studying the Concept of GDI from various research
papers and other study materials with the help of our
Project guide.
 Learning the CFD flow analysis software (FLUENT) and
Solid modeling Software (GAMBIT).
 Creating the necessary model and meshing it
accordingly.
 Carrying out the calculations of the flow and generating
the graphical images of the simulation.
 Comparing the results we obtained with the data
already available in research papers and other sources.
Progress of the Project till now.

Studying the Theory and concept behind GDI Engine

 Why GDI engines over Carburetor and MPFI
engines?
Carburetor is a chamber where petrol and air was mixed in a fixed ratio and then sent to
cylinders to burn it to produce power.

MPFI emerged an Intelligent way to do what the Carburetor does. In MPFI system, each
cylinder has one injector (which makes it multi-point). Each of these Injectors are
controlled by one central car computer.
 Gasoline Direct Injection Engine
 The fuel is injected under high pressure directly into the combustion
chamber, just before ignition by the spark plug, this allows the precise
control of charge stratification vital to ignite ultra-lean air / fuel mixtures.
 Unlike conventional engines, GDI uses upright straight intake port,
accompany with a concave-section piston surface, swirl air flow will be
generated during compression stroke.
 Fuel Injection takes place in two stages. One during the Suction stroke and
second one just before the ignition
 MERITS AND DEMERITS OF GDI ENGINE
oHigh Volumetric efficiency
oLower fuel consumption
oMore power output (Higher compression ratio 12.5 : 1)
oLower octane requirement
oMore rapid starting
oReduced CO2 emissions
oLower Octane requirement
oMore precise air-fuel ratio control
oImproved transient response
oOne of the few drawbacks of GDI engine is the higher NO X pollutant level.
 Few details on GDI Engines which are already in use

oAutomobiles which uses GDI engines already

 Hyundai (Gamma, Lambda, Theta i & ii engines)
 Renault IDE
 Mitsubishi (Montero engine)
 General Motors

oMax Power Out put

 180hp at 6700rpm (GM 2.4L 4 cyl inline with 11.4:1 compression ratio)
 255hp at 214 lb-ft of torque (Chevrolet 3L V6 )
 200hp 2L VW

oFuel Consumption
 Expected 10.6km/l in 2.4l Engine.
Performance comparison between MPI and
GDI engine
CFD Modeling of the Flow
o Software used
 Fluent (By ANSYS)
 GAMBIT
Cylinder specification used in the modeling

Bore x Stroke 88 x 97
Compression Ratio 10.5 , 12
Displacement 2.4L (4 Cylinder)
Injector Piezo-actuated
outwardly-opening type
Piston Curved top
Actuation Piezo
Type Outward-Opening
Nominal Spray Cone Angle 900
Static Flow Rate More than 35 g/s
Fuel Pressure Range 100-200 bar
 CFD Modeling Procedure

oDrawing the Cylinder and Other engine components Using Gambit

oMeshing the Combustion cylinder using GAMBIT

oImporting the Geometry to ANSYS Fluent

oDefining the necessary boundary conditions for the combustion cylinder

oSolving the flow using Fluent

1. Solving the flow equations for air and fuel flow
2. Solving the energy equation for combustion and heat transfer

o Generation of Graphical images and graphs for the simulation

Example Flow Model of a MPFI Engine for
learning purpose
Example Flow Model of a MPFI Engine for
learning purpose
Example Flow Model of a MPFI Engine for
learning purpose

The meshing of the 2D Engine

Geometry

3D Cylinder development in
GAMBIT
 The End
References-

oSAE technical paper series

oWiki-Pedia (www.wikipedia.org)

oHyundai Motors Website