Skeletal System

By Group 2
Appendicular Skeleton
• 126 bones in adult
- Includes all of the bones of upper & lower limbs (extremities)
- Includes bones that anchor each limb to the axial skeleton – pelvic girdle
- The bones that attach each upper limb to axial skeleton forms the pectoral
girdle (shoulder girdle), consists of 2 bones – scapula & clavicle
• Provide attachment points & leverage for muscles
• Provide support and protection of internal organs
• Helps maintain homeostasis
 APPENDICULAR
SKELETAL
• Upper & lower limbs
• Pectoral Girdle (Clavicle & Scapula)
• Pelvic Girdle
 Pectoral Girdle
- Clavicle (collarbone)
S-shaped bone
Located on anterior side of the shoulder
Attached on its medial end to the sternum of the thoracic cage
Its lateral end joins with the scapula just above the shoulder joint
You can easily feel the entire length of your clavicle using your fingers
Articulates with manubrium at sternoclavicular joint
 Pectoral Girdle
- Scapula (shoulder blade)
Lies on posterior aspect of the shoulder
Supported by the clavicle
Articulates with the humerus (arm bone) to form shoulder joint
Flat, triangular-shaped bone with a prominent ridge running
across its posterior surface
The ridge extends out laterally, forming bony tip of shoulder &
joins with the lateral end of clavicle
Articulates with clavicle at acromioclavicular joint
 Pelvic Girdle
- (hip girdle) right & left pelvic bones
Formed by a single bone (hip bone/coxal bone)
Serves as attachment point for each lower limb
Ilium, Ischium, Pubis
Each hip bone is firmly joined to axial skeleton via its attachment to the
sacrum of the vertebral column
Both hip bones converge anteriorly to attach to each other
The bony pelvis is the entire structure formed by the two hip bones
(sacrum & coccyx)
Bones of pelvis are strongly united to each other to form a largely
immobile, weight-bearing structure