LINES AND

ANGLES
English Medium Grade 9

Maths – 9th Std


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 English Medium Grade 9

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

 Introduction

 Basic terms and definitions.

 Linear pair and adjacent angles.

 Questions based on the concept learnt.

Math - 9th Std

 English Medium Grade 9

BASIC TERMS AND DEFINITIONS

It It is a collection of points which has only length, no

breadth or thickness and is endless in both directions.

It A portion of line with two end points is called a line

segments.

It A part of a line with one end point is called a ray.

Maths - 9th Std

 English Medium Grade 9

It If three or more points lie on the same line, they are

called collinear points otherwise they are called non-
collinear points.

It When two rays originates from the same end points,

they form an angle. The rays making an angle are
called arms of an angle and the endpoint is called
vertex of the angle.

Maths - 9th Std

 English Medium Grade 9

ADJACENT ANGLES

Adjacent angles: Share one side.

Have a common vertex.
One angle is not in the interior of the other

Maths - 9th Std

 English Medium Grade 9

LINEAR PAIR AXIOM

 If a ray stands on a line, then the sum of two adjacent angles so formed is 180.

 If the sum of two adjacent angles is 180, then the non- common arms of the angles form a line.

Maths - 9th Std

 English Medium Grade 9

Q. In the given figure , lines AB and CD intersect at O. If AOC +BOE = 70° and BOD = 40°, find BOE
and reflex COE.

Solution:
From the diagram, we have
(∠AOC +∠BOE +∠COE) and (∠COE +∠BOD +∠BOE)
forms a straight line.
So, ∠AOC+∠BOE +∠COE = ∠COE +∠BOD+∠BOE = 180°
Now, by putting the values of ∠AOC + ∠BOE = 70° and
∠BOD = 40° we get
∠COE = 110° and ∠BOE = 30°
So, reflex ∠COE = 360o – 110o = 250o

Maths - 9th Std

 English Medium Grade 9

Q. It is given that XYZ = 64° and XY is produced to point P. Draw a figure from the given
information. If ray YQ bisects ZYP, find XYQ and reflex QYP.
Here, XP is a straight line
So, XYZ +ZYP = 180°
Putting the value of XYZ = 64° we get,
64° +ZYP = 180°
∴ ZYP = 116°
From the diagram, we also know that ZYP = ZYQ + QYP
Now, as YQ bisects ZYP,
ZYQ = QYP
Or, ZYP = 2ZYQ
∴ ZYQ = QYP = 58°
Again, XYQ = XYZ + ZYQ
By putting the value of XYZ = 64° and ZYQ = 58° we get.
XYQ = 64°+58°
Or, XYQ = 122°
Now, reflex QYP = 180°+XYQ
We computed that the value of XYQ = 122°.
So,
QYP = 180°+122°
∴ QYP = 302°
Maths - 9th Std
 English Medium Grade 9

Q. In the given figure, POQ is a line. Ray OR is perpendicular to line PQ. OS is another ray lying
between rays OP and OR. Prove that ROS = ½ (QOS – POS).

In the question, it is given that (OR ⊥ PQ) and POQ = 180°

So, POS+ROS+ROQ = 180°
Now, POS+ROS = 180°- 90° (Since POR = ROQ = 90°)
∴ POS + ROS = 90°
Now, QOS = ROQ+ROS
It is given that ROQ = 90°,
∴ QOS = 90° +ROS
Or, QOS – ROS = 90°
As POS + ROS = 90° and QOS – ROS = 90°, we get
POS + ROS = QOS – ROS
2 ROS + POS = QOS
Or, ROS = ½ (QOS – POS) (Hence proved).

Maths - 9th Std

 English Medium Grade 9

HOME WORK

Q1. In the given figure, lines XY and MN intersect at O. If POY = 90° and a : b = 2 : 3, find c.

Q2. In the given figure, PQR = PRQ, then prove that PQS = PRT.

Maths - 9th Std

Thank You
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Lines and Angles