Summer Internship

In BSES
On ACB(Air Circuit Breaker)
And RMU(Ring Main Unit)

By :- PAWANDEEP
SINGH
AIR CIRCUIT BREAKER
(ACB)
 Introduction
Air Circuit Breaker (ACB) is an
electrical device used to provide
Overcurrent and short-circuit
protection for electric circuits
over 400 Amps to 10K Amps.
These are usually used in low
voltage applications below 450V.
 1. OFF button (O)
2. ON button (I)
3. Main contact position indicator
4. Energy storage mechanism status indicator
5. Reset Button
6. LED Indicators
7. Controller
8. “Connection”, “Test” and “isolated”
position stopper (the three-position
latching/locking mechanism)
9. User-supplied padlock
10. Connection “,” Test “and” separation “of
the position indication
11. Connection (CE) Separation, (CD) Test
(CT) Position indication contacts
12. Rated Name Plate
13. Digital Displays
14. Mechanical energy storage handle
15. Shake (IN/OUT)
16. Rocker repository
17. Fault trip reset button
 ADVANTAGES
O High speed operation
O Protect overload and short current
O Compressed the employed as an arc quenching
mediam
O Facility of high speed re-closure
O Used other control features
O Interlocking with other ACB
 P a r t s i n AC B
I. Mechanism – it is used to operate the whole
ACB,Mechanism connects handle with pole
arrangement.
II. Busbar – It is used to give supply
III. Backlite – It is attached near bus bar , and
provide internal protection.
IV. Moving part – Moving part moves and open
from fix , in case of fault.
V. Fix part – it remains fix with pole arrangement
 VI. Current Transformer – CT is used to sense fault
VII. Relay – Relay is used to give signal to triping coil to trip
VIII. Open/Close Button – Used for manual operation
 Types of relay in ACB
3 types –
a. THERMAL RELAY :- Works
with heating effect , as bi-metallic strips of each
phase will melt and give indication to tripping coil.
b. DIGITAL RELAY :- It has
display in it and have various arrangements , like
time delay in LTD, delay in STD, percentage etc.
c. ELECTROSTATIC RELAY :- Same
as digital relay ,but don’t have display in it.
 Some relay are
 RMS-7 0.2 Amp
 Micropro3.1 0.2Amp
 DN1SR18G 10Amp
 UIT-100 5Amp
 LR-1 5Amp
 RW-2U 10Amp
 SR-18G 1Amp
 Types of CT in ACB
• Two types of CT used in ACB :-
a) TAPE WOUND :-
The coil of CT is covered with tape
for insulation. It is cheap and weak.
Its
insulation is not good as resin.
b) RESIN CAST :-
The coil of CT is covered with RESIN instead
of tape for better insulation . It absorbs better
heat in case of overload than tapewound.
 Working of ACB
 When the fault occurs, the main contacts are
separate first, and the current is shifted to the
arcing contacts. Now the arcing contacts are
separate, and the arc is drawn between them. This
arc is forced upwards by the electromagnetic
forces and thermal action. The arc ends travel
along the arc runner. The arc moves upward and is
split by the arc splitter plates. The arc is
extinguished by lengthening, cooling, splitting, etc
 Testing/Packing
 CRM Test (Contact Resistance Test) :-When we toggle
the switch to test , current passes through fix and moving
parts and test contact resistance. As we know , the more
metal touches each other , the less resistance will be. The
reading in micro-ohm should come below 100.

 MEGGAR TEST :- It
is used to test sort and leakage in ACB. Earth , Neutral,
Phase are connected according to demand .Test should
show reading above then 500Mega-ohm.
 Testing/Packing
 High Voltage test :- As we
know, in case of sort or leakage voltage will become low
and current will raise. So, in this test we give high voltage
and test rate of current chaging. We give 3kv to a
400Amp ACB.

 Primary Test :- In
this test , a single phase is given to R & N .And only
current is given to ACB at same phase one by one.A fix
current is given through Auto-transformer to check
wheather ACB trips or not.
Ring Main Unit (RMU)
INTRODUCTION
 A Ring Main Unit (RMU) is a totally sealed, gas-
insulated compact switchgear unit. The primary
switching devices can be either switch
disconnectors or fused switch disconnectors or
circuit breakers. Different combinations of these
primary switching devices within the unit are
commonly used.
 RMU TYPE
 2 way has 1 circuit breaker and one
isolator.
 3 way has 1 circuit breaker and 2
isolators.
 4 way has 2 circuit breaker and 2
isolators
Three-position design //
Closing, Opening and
Earthing
All of the switching devices are of three-
position design, having the possibility to close
or open or earth the feeder in question.

All switches can be operated with the included

operating handle
The figure below shows typical outlook of a three-
feeder RMU. In the figure, the combination consists
of load disconnectors for the incoming two feeders
and a fused load disconnector for the distribution
transformer feeder. The incoming and outgoing
medium-voltage cables are attached using elbow-type
plug-in cable ends.
THANK YOU