ROBOTICS

(AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY)

PRESENTED BY,
ITRODUCTION
 Industrial robotics was one of the science fiction before 50 years ago, but now it

become a science fact

 The word robot was invented in the 20th century and comes from the Czech word

‘robota’

 Robots are capable of carrying out a complex series of actions automatically and is

programmable

 Robots can bring time saving, improve efficiency and quality

 Robots can work in any dangerous or hazardous environment

 History…
1917 1921 1961 1973 1980

Joseph Capek George Devol New Era

written a fiction Invented first growth of industrial
story ‘Opilec’ industrial robot robots
describing ‘Unimate’
automatic machines
and industrial
Karel Capek KUKA
robots
written a play manufactured six
Rossum's Universal axes electro-
Robots mechanical
industrial robot
TYPES OF ROBOTICS
Articulated Robots
 The most common types of industrial robots
 Resembles a human arm
 The joints provide an additional degree of freedom.
 The design offers maximum flexibility.
 Assembly, arc welding, material handling, machine tending, and
packaging.

Cartesian Robots
 Also called rectilinear or gantry robots
 Have three prismatic joints (X, Y and Z)
 Also have an attached wrist to allow rotational movement.
 Often used for CNC machines and 3D printing.
SCARA Robots
 SCARA (Selective Compliance Assembly Robot Arm)
 Specialize in lateral movements and are mostly used for
assembly applications
 Can move faster and have easier integration

Delta Robots
 Also called parallel link robots
 The end effector can be controlled easily with its arms resulting
in high speed operation
 Generally used for fast pick-and-place or product transfer
applications.
Polar Robots
 These are also called as spherical robots
 Have a centrally pivoting shaft and an extendable rotating arm
 The gun turret configuration sweeps a large volume of space, but the access of the
arm is restricted within its workspace.

Cylindrical Robots
 Cylindrical robots have at least one rotary joint at the base and at least one prismatic
joint connecting the links
 Offers vertical and horizontal linear movement along with rotary movement about
the vertical axis
 The compact design allows the robot to reach tight work envelopes without any loss
of speed and repeatability
 It is mostly used in simple applications where materials are picked up, rotated and
placed.
USES OF ROBOTS IN AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY
Uses..
1) Robotic Vision

A light industrial robotic arm with “eyes” can do more precise work
because it can “see” what it’s doing. The robot wrist carries the laser
and camera array that gives the machine instant feedback. Robots can
now perform proper offsetting when installing a part, because they
know where it goes. Installation of door panels, windshields, and
fenders are more accurate with robotic vision than regular robot arms.

2) Spot and Arc Welding

robot sales north America automotive robots Large industrial robots

with long arms and higher payload capabilities handle spot welding on
heavy body panels. Smaller robots weld lighter parts such as mounts
and brackets. Robotic tungsten inert gas (TIG) and metal inert gas
(MIG) welders can position the torch in the exact same orientation on
every cycle. Preserving high welding standards in every fabrication is
doable due to the repeatable arc and speed gap.
3) Painting, Sealing and Coating

An automotive painter’s job is not easy, and it’s very toxic to

boot. Labour shortages are also making it harder to find skilled,
professional painters.

Robotic arms can fill in the void because the job entails
consistency for each coat of paint. Robots can follow a
programmed path, consistently covering large areas and limiting
waste. Machines are also useful for spraying adhesives,
sealants, and primers.

4) Machine Tending and Part Transfer

Transferring metal stamps, loading and unloading CNC

machines, and pouring molten metal in a foundry is dangerous
for human workers. This type of work is perfect for large
industrial robots. Machine tending and loading/unloading tasks
are also being done by smaller robots for smaller manufacturing
operations.
5) Materials Removal

Robots can follow a complex path multiple times without

failing, making it the perfect tool for cutting and trimming
jobs. Light robots with force-sensing technology are better-
suited to this type of work. Tasks include trimming flash from
plastic mouldings, polishing moulds, and cutting fabric.

6) Internal Logistics

Autonomous mobile robots (AMRs) and other automated

vehicles, such as forklifts, can be used in a factory setting to
move raw materials and other parts from storage areas to the
factory floor. In Spain, for example, the Ford Motor Co.
recently adopted AMRs from Mobile Industrial Robots (MiR) to
deliver industrial and welding materials to various robot
stations on the factory floor, replacing a manual process.

7) Assembly
In most automotive manufacturing plants, light robotic arms
assemble smaller parts such as motors and pumps at high
speed. Other tasks, such as screw driving, wheel mounting,
and windshield installation, are all done by robot arms.
KEY COMPONENTS
 Components

CONTROLLERS SENSORS

DRIVE

END-EFFECTORS ARM
 CONTROLLERS
 The robot controller is a computer that is connected
to the robot and serves as its “brain”.

 The controller is used to instruct the robot through

programming.

SENSORS
 Sensors give the controllers information about its
surroundings and the position about the arm.

 The most common type of sensors are vision

systems and microphones.
 END-EFFECTORS
 The end-effectors are the thinks that complete an
action.

 END-EFFECTORS may be in the form of grippers,

pumps, welders.

ARM
 Robot arm is used to position the robot’s end-
effector.

 It is designed to mimic a human arm.

 DRIVE
 It is the engine or motor which moves the different
robot parts around.

 Robot drives are typically powered hydraulically,

electrically, or pneumatically.
FUTURE OF ROBOTICS IN INDIA
• Between 2013 and 2018, robot installations in India saw a compound annual growth rate of 20%
• It is estimated to grow at 13.3% CAGR from 2019-2024
• In 2017, the Indian market installed 30% more industrial robots compared to 2016
• Key players, including Kuka, Hyundai, and Yaskawa, accounted to around 45% of the total market
share in 2018
• India’s Automobile industry is the leading end-user while generating more than half of the India
Industrial Robotics market revenue in 2018.
• Articulated robots account for more than 50% of the units being sold annually.
• Automobile exports grew by 15.5% during April 2018-February, 2019. Indian automotive industry is
expected to witness various effects in the next two years.
Thank You