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Development of A Model For Packed-Foam Fischer-Tropsch Reactors and Optimization Through Artificial Neural Networks (Presentation)
Development of A Model For Packed-Foam Fischer-Tropsch Reactors and Optimization Through Artificial Neural Networks (Presentation)
GtL Processes:
• Monetize stranded gas resources
• Reduce flaring of associated gas resource
• Convert gas into easily transporatable and clean liquid fuel
FTS:
• Converts syngas to wide range of products over a metal-based catalyst
• highly exothermic process
L 4 cm
2.78 cm
200 W/m/k
630
300
2 mm
GHSV 6400
P 25 bar
0.5158 -
0.2492 -
0.235 -
Inlet
Steady State
2D-cylindrical coordinates
Inert
Continuity between reaction zone & inert part
Ignore liquid phase
2 phases: pseudo-fluid + foam
Reactive Gaseous Species:
Mass Balances: 5 in fluid
Energy Balances: balance for fluid and foam
Momentum Balance (P-drop) [Pa];
Inert
And
Outlet
Y.S. expression
• Energy Balance (fluid phase):
]
Such that
• Where the reaction enthalpy was estimated locally for each set of product selectivities
-150
-160
-170
-180
450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520
Temperature [K]
Mohamad Abou Daher
9
Packed Foam Model
• estimated based on the approximation of the foam as a set of parallel packed bed reactors with
diameter equal to the cell diameter
• Dixon’s correlation:
235
All
case studies are for:
230
T, C
225
220
1 mm
base
3 mm
215
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4
Length, cm
[mm] [] [] []
236
234
Sensitivity to epsh in terms of Temperature profile at Tin=221.7C
240
232
230
235
T, C
228
226
230
224
T, C
222
100
225 220 base
400
218
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4
220 Length, cm
epsh=0.85
base
epsh=0.95
215
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4
Length, cm
100 3.72 0.579
[] 200 7.44 0.506
400 14.89 0.478
0.85 1307.23 13 0.477
0.906 1119.21 7.44 0.506
0.95 852.24 3.67 0.601
228
228
226
226
T, C
224
T, C
224
222
222
220 80%hwall
base
220 80%Uov 120%hwall
base
120%Uov 218
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4
218 Length, cm
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4
Length, cm
base
230
0.5
CO conversion [-]
Temperature, °C
225
0.4 220
215
0.3
210
205
0.2
simulated
200
experimental
0.1 195
200 205 210 215 220 225 230 235 240 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5
Toper, °C Length, cm
Experimental vs simulated conversion values
0.9 Experimental vs simulated temperature profiles
260
simulated
0.8 experimental
250
0.7
240
CO conversion [-]
0.6
Temperature, °C
230
0.5
220
0.4
0.3 210
0.1 190
200 205 210 215 220 225 230 235 240 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5
Toper, °C Length, cm
0.5
CO conversion [-]
0.4
235
225 216.5 224.3 206.4
230
Thotspot, °C
230 218.5 229.2 210 225
220
240 225 239 215
215
210
Variable Average Absolute Error [%]
205 simulated
experimental
Conversion 4.54 200
200 205 210 215 220 225 230 235 240
Toper, °C
Hotspot Temperature [C] 0.23
Experimental vs simulated temperature profiles
245 simulated
8.662 240
experimental
235
4.22 230
Temperature, °C
225
2.19
220
215
Possibility of : 210
205
CO conversion [-]
245
Toper=200
Toper=205 0.4
240
Toper=210
Toper=215
235 0.3
Toper=220
Toper=225
230 Toper=230 0.2
simulated
Temperature, °C
Toper=240 experimental
225
0.1
200 205 210 215 220 225 230 235 240
220 Toper, °C
Experimental vs simulated Hot spot Temperatures
245
215 240
235
210
230
205
Thotspot, °C
225
200 220
215
195
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 210
Length, cm
205 simulated
experimental
200
200 205 210 215 220 225 230 235 240
Toper, °C
230
Hotspot Temperature [C] 0.23
Temperature, °C
225
8.662 220
215
4.22
210
2.19 205
200
195
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5
Length, cm
ELU function
3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
f(x)
1
0.5
Cost function measures: NN performance in -4 -3 -2 -1
0
0 1 2 3
-0.5
approximating desired output data based on -1
input training set -1.5
x
𝑀𝑂
𝑁 𝐿 −1 𝑛𝑙+ 1 𝑛𝑙
1 𝑞 2 𝜆 𝑟𝑒𝑔
𝑞 (𝑙) 2
𝐽 𝜃= ∑ ∑ (h 𝜃,𝑖 − 𝑦 𝑖 ) + ∑ ∑ ∑ (𝜃 𝑘𝑚)
2 𝑁 𝑖=1 𝑞=1 2 𝑁 𝑙=1 𝑘=1 𝑚=1
Need to optimize the FNN parameters network architecture, and .
GA :”Survival of the fittest”, design three FNN for each output variable.
0.8
ANN
used to predict and
0.5
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
Actual Values
0.9
300
0.8
0.7 280
ANN predicted values
240
0.4
0.3
220
0.2
200
0.1
0 180
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 180 200 220 240 260 280 300 320
Actual Values Actual Values
• The model also was able to simulate conversion, hotspot temperature and
Boundary Conditions:
Axially @ ; ;
Axially @ ; ;
Radially @ ; ;
Radially @ ; ;
;
Forward difference:
Central difference:
Backward difference: