EPIDURAL AND PARAVERTEBRAL

ANESTHESIA
Compiled By:
Asad Arslan
Source:
Dr. Aun Muhammad Sb.
Types of anesthesia

 Epidural anesthesia
 Paravertebral anesthesia
RESTRAINING

• Before administration of
anaesthesia proper restraining is
done for the safety of handler
and animal.
RESTRAINING OF ANIMAL
PARAVERTIBRAL ANESTHESIA

IT IS OF TWO TYPES

Proximal paravertiberal anesthesia

It is the blocking of spinal nerves with in or
at their exit from vertebral canal at the
intervertebral foramina.
.
Distal paraverteberal anaesthesia
• Blocking of spinal nerves at the posterior
border of the ribs above and below the
transverse process of lumbar vertebrae to
induce anaesthesia of the lateral
abdominal wall.
INDICATION
• Rumenotomy
• Cesarean section
• Correction of abomasal displacement
NERVES BLOCKED BY PARAVERTIBERAL ANESTHESIA

• T13
• L1
• L2
• L3 is not blocked as due to its blockage hind limb is
desensitized and animal may fall .
PROCEDURE
Palpate transverse processes of L1, L2 & L4 and locate the
injection site b/w the ends of transverse
process.
 Inject small amount of local anesthesia subcutaneously.
 10cm long 18 gauge needle is used.
 Needle should pass the inter transverse ligament
 Inject 5ml of 2% lignocain / xylocaine.
ADVANTAGES
• Operation can be performed in thoracic and abdominal region in standing position.
• Sympathetic nerves are not affected by this so no chance of decreased B.P.
• Less amount of anesthesia is required as cmpared to lumbo sacral and epidural
anesthesia.

Disadvantages
• the only disadvantage is that it is difficult to perform
PARAVERTEBRAL ANAESTHESIA
EPIDURAL OR PEREIDURAL ANAESTHESIA
 EPIDURAL ANAESTHESIA
Epidural anesthesia is achieved when the local
anesthetic solution is deposited between the
duramater and the periosteum of the spinal
cord which blocks conduction in the caudal
nerve roots
EPIDURAL ANAESTHESIA IN EQUINES
• EPIDURAL ANAESTHESIA
THE GOAL OF CAUDAL EPIDURAL ANESTHESIA IS TO INDUCE TEMPORARY
NEUTRALIZATION OF SENSORY INNERVATIONS WHILE MAINTAINING MOTOR
CONTROL.

In horse it injected in 1 st and 2nd intercoccygeal space

5ml Xylocain 2%
INSERTION OF NEEDLE IN THE EPIDURAL SPACE
IN EQUINES IT IS INSERTED IN INTRACOCCYGEAL SPACE .
 XYLOCAINE 2%
Sedative + Analgesic

15min onset time

ADVANTAGES
 There is no effect of anesthetic on fetus.
 No respiratory assistance is required.

Disadvantages
 Anesthetic effect is achieved in longer time as compared to IV anesthesia.
 Since large doses are required systemic and toxic effects may occure.
COMPLICATIONS
 Improper results may be obtained due to dilute anesthetic
soln. from fault in technique or from inadequate disposal
of anesthetic by rapid injection.
 If convulsions occur IV injection of thiobarbiturate is
indicated.
 Severe hypotension may occur esp. in ruminants when
sympathetic vasoconstrictor fibers to abdominal viscera
are blocked.