AN INDUSTRIAL TRAINING

PRESENTATION

ON

ALL INDIA RADIO (PRASAR BHARATI)

PRESENTED BY

ARNAB CHOWDHURY
DEPT : ECE
WBUT ROLL : 14800310045
REGISTRATION NO : 101480110165
CLASS ROLL:10/ECE/41
CONTENTS
 HISTORY

 PRINCIPLES OF ALL INDIA RADIO

 METHODOLOGY OF RADIO
 STUDIO CHAIN IN AIR STATION
 COMMUNICATION

 SATELLITE COMMUNICATION

 CAPTIVE EARTH STATION(CES)

 RADIO NETWORKING TERMINAL
 AM TRANSMITTER

 FM TRANSMITTER
 ANTENNA SYSTEM
 CONCLUSION
ALL INDIA RADIO “PRASAAR BHARTI”
 ALL INDIA RADIO(abbreviated as AIR) is one of the largest
radio networks in the world.

 AIR today has a network of 232 broadcasting centers.

 In External services, it covers 27 languages

HISTORY
 The first license granted for transmitting a
broadcast was given on February 23, 1922. The
Radio Club of Calcutta was the first radio club to
start functioning in Nov-1924
 The Government run broadcasting set up was called
the India State Broadcasting Service (ISBS) which is
then turned into AIR (All India Radio) in June 1936.
 The introduction of the commercial channel ‘Vividh
Bharti’ in October 1957 increased the interest and
popularity of radio.
 METHODOLOGY OF RADIO
How radio electromagnetic waves are changed to Radio Waves
-

Modulated
Wave
Carrier
Wave
Microphone

Modulating Broadcast
signal Tower
STUDIO CHAIN IN AIR STATION
 Studio Centre

 Broadcast Studio

 Mixing

 Control Room
FACILITIES IN AIR STUDIO

 Recording Room

 Dubbing Room

 Loud Speakers

 Headphones

 Microphones
COMMUNICATION
 Communication is the fruitful activity of conveying
information through the exchange of thoughts ,
message or information as by speech, visuals ,
signals , writing or behavior.
SATELLITE COMMUNICATION
 COMSAT is an artificial
satellite stationed in space for
the purpose of communication.

 ADVANTAGES:
1. Quality of reception is good & reliable
2. BW is large
3. Geostationary satellite can cover 1/3rd of Earth’s surface
4. Cost of transmitting information is independent of distance
involved
5. Can be used as two way communication
CAPTIVE EARTH STATION(CES)
 It is used to uplink the
programme from A.I.R.

 Parabolic C-band
antenna is used.

 This antenna can

downlink the Delhi
based programme.
RADIO NETWORKING TERMINAL
 To relay programs from Delhi to various capital stations
and viz.
 OUTDOOR UNIT :
 Parabolic Dish Antenna : Circular polarization of INSAT
broadcast is used as it does not require any adjustment
of feed or polarization matching.
 Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) : It contains two LNA PCBs
to have 100% redundancy.
 Front end converter :It has also got two chains for
redundancy. Any one chain can be selected by RF switch
provided at its input
Contd…
INDOOR UNIT:
 Passive Frequency Translator : splits the combined
nominal IF of 70 MHz into 52 MHz and 92 MHz
components

 Active Frequency Translator: to boost the RN carriers and

translate them all to 52 MHz band.

 Synthesized Active Unit: Used as a variable local oscillator.

 Demodulator Unit: Used to demodulate the modulated

signal.
AM TRANSMITTER
FM TRANSMITTER
 FM broadcasting offers
several advantages over AM
such as uniform day and
night coverage, good quality
listening and suppression of
noise, interference, etc.
 All India Radio has gone in

for FM broadcasting using

modern FM transmitters.
ANTENNA SYSTEM
 In AIR there are three types of antenna.
1. Shortwave Antenna
2. Medium Wave Antenna
3. FM antenna
SHORTWAVE ANTENNA
 Uses sky wave or
Ionospheric propagation.
 It is suspended horizon-
tally between two towers.
 Fixed at certain angle so
that it can radiate in
particular direction.
MEDIUM WAVE ANTENNA
 Antenna height is 120 to 144mt.

 Standing on base insulators.

 In guy wire there are so many

choke to protect it from
lightning.
FM ANTENNA
 A tower of good height is required
as coverage area is proportional to
tower height.
 The main requirements of the
antenna are :
1. Wide-band usage from 88 to 108 MHz
range.
2. Circular polarization for better reception.
3. High gain for both vertical and horizontal
signals.
CONCLUSION
 It was a wonderful experience training in A.I.R.

 There is great scope for engineers in the field of

communication.

 Exposure to practical working conditions will be

beneficial for our career.