Basic First Aid

The third topic in the NSTP Syllabus for this semester

school year 2020-2021
Mary Ann I. Sigua - Lecturer
 Overview
This is the third chapter of NSTP 2 – National Service
Training Program. It involves basic knowledge and
training that fit for day-to-day emergencies that NSTP
students may encounter and gives access to the class
instruction in unique way which is the freedom to
learn at your own pace online. It is not about life
saving techniques it is also an act of humanity
showing willingness to save lives with full respect for
diversity.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
At the end of this module, the students will be able to:
• Recognize an emergency and evaluate a scene for safety.
• Respond to accidents and ensures that injuries can be efficiently
and promptly dealt with before a trained medical professional
arrives.
• Acquire knowledge and skills in various basic life support and first
aid particularly on preparedness and response training.
• Simulate the treatment and process for first aid and basic life
support.
• Developed their role in disaster preparedness and management,
Basic Disaster Preparedness and Response Training (Survival
Training).
 Pre-Test
• Activity 1: It is a great way to test your
understanding and stock knowledge. In this
activity, work your way through the questions
and see how well you can do. Read the
questions carefully and choose the correct
answer.
• 10-questions (multiple choice)
 Basic First Aid
a.1) Basic First Aid Introduction
a.2) Characteristics of a Good First Aider, Hindrances in
Giving First Aid and The Golden Rules of First Aid
a.3) Bandaging Techniques
a.4) Basic Life Support
a.1) BASIC FIRST In Merriam-Webster Dictionary
AID defined First Aid as the emergency
care or treatment given to an ill or
INTRODUCTION injured person before regular
medical aid can be obtained. It
uses the available human and
material resources at the site of
accident to provide initial care to
the victim of injury or sudden
illness until more advance care is
provided.
z

First aid is the initial assistance or treatment

What is
given to someone who is injured or suddenly
First Aid taken ill.
 • Preserve Life – your first aim is to preserve life by carrying out
emergency first aid procedures. Preserving life should always
A simple way be the overall aim of all first aiders. Remember though, this
includes your own life. You should never put yourself or others
to remember in danger.
• Prevent Deterioration – the second aim of first aid is to prevent
the aims of the casualty’s condition from deteriorating any further. For
example, asking a casualty with a broken limb to stay still and
first aid is to padding around the injury will prevent the fracture from
moving and causing further injury or pain. You should attempt
think of the to make the area as safe as possible and removing any dangers.
If removing danger is not possible, you should attempt to
“Three P’s” remove the patients from the danger or call for specialist for
help.
(Preserve, • Promote Recovery – finally, you can promote recovery by
Prevent, and arranging prompt emergency medical help. In addition, simple
first aid can significantly affect the long-term recovery of an
Promote). injury. For example, quacking cooling a burn will reduce the
risk of long-term scarring and will encourage early healing.
a.2) Characteristics of a Good First Aider, Hindrances in
Giving First Aid and The Golden Rules of First Aid
 Characteristics of a Good First Aider
• Gentle – should not cause pain.
• Resourceful – should make the best use of things at hand.
• Observant – should notice all signs.
• Tactful – should not alarm the victim.
• Emphatic – should be comforting.
• Respectable – should maintain a professional and caring attitude.
 a. Unfavorable Surroundings
• Nighttime
• Crowded city lights, churches; shopping malls
• Busy Highways
• Cold and Rainy weather

Hindrance • Lack of necessary materials or helps.

b. The Presence of Crowds

s in Giving • Crowds curiously watch, sometimes heckle, and sometimes offer

incorrect advice.
• They may demand haste in transportation or attempt other improper
First Aid procedures.
• A good examination is difficult while a crowd looks on.
c. Pressure from Victim or Relatives
• The victim usually welcomes help, but if he is drunk, he is often
hard to examine and handle, and is often misleading in his
responses.
• The hysteria of relatives or the victim, the evidence of pain, blood,
and possible early death will exert great pressure on the first aider.
• The first aider may fail to examine carefully and may be persuaded
to do what he would know in calm moments to be wrong.
 The Golden Rules of First Aid
• Use a systematic approach in all medical emergencies.
• Identify and avoid risks to yourself, the person affected and third parties.
• Request support early (first aiders, AED, emergency number 911).
• Be “suspicious” and primarily assume it is something serious.
• Deal quickly with any chaos and cope with the situation.
 a.3) Bandaging
Techniques
• Covering a break in the skin helps
to control bleeding and protect
against infection.
 BANDAGING is
used to:
 To support –fractured bone
 To immobilize – dislocated
shoulder/jaw
 To apply pressure- stop bleeding
and venous flow
 To secure dressing in place
To retain splints in place
 Three main types of bandages
• Roller Bandage • Tubular Bandage
ELASTIC
ELASTIC ELASTIC
TUBULAR
BANDAGE NET
Triangular Bandage
 Cravat
• A triangular bandage is
made from a strong
type of cloth which has
been cut into a right-
angle triangle.  The
triangle can be folded
down into a “cravat.”
Tying and Untying of Square Knot
 • Activity 2: Ways and procedures on first aid are
discussed in this chapter. Based on the lesson presented,
submit a short video showing that you perform the
cravat and tying and untying of square knot.

• Video Presentation Requirements:

CLOSURE • -Triangular Bandage is needed (either a DIY or you can
order online for the said type of bandage no need to go
ACTIVITIE outside)
• - Any gadgets with video camera were needed to shoot
S the said video.
• - Make sure that the steps and procedures are clear in the
video presentation.
 • - Subject
• • provides insight into topic
• • is discussed thoroughly
• Concept Score ______ out of 50
• Content
• • Presents interesting information
Scoring • • Language is used properly and effectively
•
Rubrics • Images and/ or graphics relate well to
content
• • Student(s) behave professionally on camera
• • Student(s) demonstrate thoughtful
approach to subject
• Content Score ______ out of 50
Enjoy your practice!