Antenna

ARPIT BAL
S.PRASANTH
1) Log Periodic Antenna
Made up of a series of dipoles , with
impedance which is a logarithmic function
of frequency.

• Bow Tie Antennas

• Log-periodic Dipole Array
a) Bow Tie Antenna

 Low frequency response and acts

as High Pass Filter
 Planar and hence are directional
antennas
b) Log-Periodic Dipole Array
 Comprises of number of dipole
elements
 The dipole array antennas
reduce in size from back end to
front end.
 The leading beam of this
antenna comes from smaller
front end.
Properties of Log Periodic
Antennas

 It is multi-element.
 It has directional narrow beam.
 It works on a wide range of frequency.
 It is widely used in applications demanding variable
bandwidth with antenna gain and directivity.
2)Wire Antenna
 They are also known as linear or
curved antennas.

 Types:
a) Dipole Antenna
b) Short-Dipole Antenna
c) Monopole Antenna
d) Loop Antenna
a) Dipole Antenna
 Consists of two thin metal
rods with a sinusoidal
voltage difference between
them.
 The length of the rods is
chosen in such a way that
they have quarter length of
wavelength at operational
frequencies
Types of Dipole Antenna
 Halfwave -This type of antenna is resonant , operating at a point where it is
electrically half wavelength long.

 Multiple half wave dipole antenna –Similar to half wave antenna , but here the
operation point is at an odd multiple of half wavelength long.

 Folded-As the name implies this form of the dipole aerial or dipole antenna is
folded back on itself. Another half wave conductor is added in parallel with the
original dipole elements so that one end is connected to the other presenting an
DC short circuit. 

 Non-Resonant- A dipole antenna may be operated away from its resonant

frequency and fed with a high impedance feeder. This enables it to operate over a
much wider bandwidth.
b)Short- dipole
 “Short”
  denotes relative to wavelength,
i.e. dipole is considered as short if the
length of the radiating element is less
than a

 Made up of two co-linear conductors

that are placed end to end , with a small
gap between conductors by a feeder.

 It is inefficient as most of the power

entering this antenna is dissipated as
heat and resistive losses also become
gradually high.
c) Monopole Antenna
 Radiation pattern same as
half wavelength dipole
antenna.

 Total power radiated is half of

dipole antenna.

 Field gets radiated only in

upper hemisphere region.

 Directivity of these antennas

become double compared to
dipoles.
TRAVELLING WAVE
 a) HELICAL ANTENNAS
 YAGI-UDA ANTENNA
a) HELICAL
 Which is also known as
helix antenna
 It has a simple structure
with two or more wires
wound to form helix
 The input impendance is
more sensitive to the
patch and wire size
There are two modes : i) Axial Mode
 ii) Normal Mode
In axial mode the dimension of the helix are compared to its
wavelength
This antenna act as the short dipole
In Normal mode the dimension of the helix are compared to
its wavelength
This antenna works as directional antenna
b) YAGI-UDA
 The are inexpensive
and effective
 It can be contructed
with one or more
reflector element
MICROWAVE ANTENNA
 The antennas operating at microwave frequecy are known
as microwave antenna
 these antennas are used for wide range of applications
RECTANGULAR MICRO STRIP
 The are used fpr spacecraft and
aircraft based on their specification
such as size,weight,cost
performance,ease of installation
 Low profile antennas are preferred.
These are known as patch antennas
 The require space for feedline which
is normally placed behind the
ground plane
 Disadvantage of using this antenna
is their insufficient and very narrow
bandwidth.
REFLECTOR
CORNER REFLECTOR
 The antenna that
compramises on one or
more than one dipole
elements placed in front of
the corner reflector.
 The directivity of the
antenna can be incresed by
using reflector.
PARABOLIC REFLECTOR
 The radiating surface
of the antenna has
very large dimension
compared to its
wavelength
 Various type of feed
that use parabolic
reflector are horn
feeds, cartesion and
dipole feeds