PRACTICAL

APPLICATION OF
CHEMISTRY
 Cleaning materials and
cosmetics products


 Objectives

Discuss the following:

1. Chemistry behind common cleaning

materials
2. Active and Inert Chemical components
3. Chemistry in cosmetics : Chemicals and
their effects
4. Safety and heath considerations of
chemicals as ingredients
People now a days rare utilized herbal or natural
products such as lrmon, oregano, basil, vinegar,
baking soda and etc, to clean their environment
A chemical is a purified synthetic substance.Each
chemcal has a set of properties that best suit a
specific purpose
Chemicals have both desirable and undesirable
properties that must be considered in choosing
the appropriate cleaning materials and also
cosmetics .

It is important to note that some chemical

ingredient in cleaning agent and cosmetics are
toxic
 Important properties of
chemicals cosidered in
commercial products
 Ability to act as sucfractants
 Acidity
 Basicity
 Dehydrating property
 Toxicity
 DETERGENT
 Detergent are synthetic, water soluble
cleansing agent with wetting and
emulsifying properties.They contain
sodium salts of strong acid derived from
petroleum or coal. Unlike soaps, detergent
are not prepared from fats and oils, and
are not inactivated by water,therefore its
cleansing action is better than soap.
 Essential components of detergent are the
surface active agents of surfactants.
Surfactants have two ends: polar head
and non polar tail
 Polar head is attracted to water molecules,
consequently reducing the interaction of
water molecules with one another.Non
polar tails are attracted to grease and dirt
 Soap
 Soap is a salt composed of sodium or pottasium
ions paired with long hydrocarbon chain fatty
acids prepared from vegetables oils or animals
fats.Fatty acids have a polar carboxylate
moietyas the head, and a non polarhydrocarbon
tail.The cleansing mechanism of soapis exactly
the same as detergent. Notice that when
potassiumor sodium soaps are submerged in
water which has an abundance of calcium or
magnesium ions, curd or insoluble solid forms
and the solution turns cloudy or turbid.This result
the weaker cleansing action of soap than that of
detergent.
 Muriatic
 The properties of HCl or muriatic acid are
ideal for cleaning since it can remove dirt
and grime from toilets and sinks, and can
even rwmove rust from metals .Recall that
HCl is a strong acid which means that
completely dissociate into hydronium ions
(H3O+ H+) and chloride ions ( Cl-)
(HCl + H2O -> H3O+Cl-)
Thank you
for
listening!!!