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Mechanical
 Căn cứ

1. Current Sensing Technique

2. How to Choose a Shunt Resistor

3. Compensation methods

2
 1. Current Sensing Technique
• Inline current sensing.
• Inverter leg current sensing
• DC bus current sensing using a single-shunt

18/06/2021 Power Electronics 1

 1. Current Sensing Technique

References: Selecting amplifiers for shunt-based current sensing in 3-phase motor drives

18/06/2021 Power Electronics 2

 1. Current Sensing Technique

(a) Three-shunt sensing inverter(TSSI) and (b)single-shunt sensing inverter(SSSI).

(a) when positive current flows, and (b) when negative Shunt current waveform
current flows.

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 1. Current Sensing Technique

• Sa=1 when upper switch ON.

• Sa=0 when upper switch OFF .

References: Analysis of the Phase Current Measurement Boundary of Three Shunt Sensing PWM Inverters and an Expansion
Method
18/06/2021 Power Electronics 4
 1. Current Sensing Technique
 Operation boundary of the TSSI for phase current reconstruction

(a) Sector division of voltage plane (b) Switching pattems for sector
• Current sampling is possible at the peaks of the carrier because the lower switches
must be on.
• The minimum duration Tmin of the lower switches must be assured .
• Current information of at least two phases is required for instantaneous control of the
currents in AC drives.

References: Analysis of the Phase Current Measurement Boundary of Three Shunt Sensing PWM Inverters and an Expansion
Method
18/06/2021 Power Electronics 5
 1. Current Sensing Technique

• To and T1/T2 denote the durations of the zero and effective vectors.
• Not necessary to measure the shunt current of phase ‘a’.
• Because the currents of the two phases are enough to identify the currents of all three phases in
the Y connection.
• Tb needs to be longer than ‘Tmin' for the measurement of the shunt currents in phases 'b' and
• 'c' . is less than ‘Tmin'
if Tb,
Tb  To  T1  Tmin  1
T
2To  T1  T2  sw  2 
2
• The result of equating (1) and (2), is as follow.
T
T2  T1  sw  2Tmin  3
2
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 1. Current Sensing Technique

• By applying DPWM, the zero vector (0,0,0) can be inserted instead of another zero vector (1,1,1 ).
• The immeasurable areas can be reduced
Tb  T1  2T0  Tmin  4 
Tsw
2To  T1  T2   5
2
• The result of equating (4) and (5), is as follow.
Tsw
T2   Tmin  6 
2

References: Analysis of the Phase Current Measurement Boundary of Three Shunt Sensing PWM Inverters and an Expansion
Method
18/06/2021 Power Electronics 7
 1. Current Sensing Technique

Sampling time windows for measuring current

References: Single-Shunt Three-Phase Current Reconstruction Algorithm for Sensorless FOC of a PMSM_Microchip

18/06/2021 Power Electronics 8

 1. Current Sensing Technique

Hardware effects on sampling time window

Magnification of the hardware effects on the

sampling time window SVM and Regions Where Current Measurement is
Not Allowed
References: Single-Shunt Three-Phase Current Reconstruction Algorithm for Sensorless FOC of a PMSM_Microchip

18/06/2021 Power Electronics 9

 1. Current Sensing Technique

Single-Shunt Current Measurement When Sampling Times are Sufficient

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 1. Current Sensing Technique

Resulting three-phase current measurement

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 1. Current Sensing Technique

Case when sampling window is not wide enough

Adjusted pwm to increase sampling time window

References: Single-Shunt Three-Phase Current Reconstruction Algorithm for Sensorless FOC of a PMSM_Microchip

18/06/2021 Power Electronics 12

 1. Current Sensing Technique

Compensation on the second half of the pwm cycle

Sampling points with duty cycle compensation

References: Single-Shunt Three-Phase Current Reconstruction Algorithm for Sensorless FOC of a PMSM_Microchip

18/06/2021 Power Electronics 13

 1. Current Sensing Technique

Timing diagram of events for dual-shunt algorithm

Single-shunt versus dual-shunt timing diagram of events

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 1. Current Sensing Technique

Reconstructed currents based on the single-shunt resistor

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 2. How to Choose a Shunt Resistor
 Primary factors for choosing a shunt resistor.
• Minimum current accuracy.
• Maximum power dissipation

Vos
Offset error  %   ( )  100%
Vsense
Vsense  I Load  RShunt

References:Stability_Texas Instruments

18/06/2021 Power Electronics 16

 2. How to Choose a Shunt Resistor
 Maximum power dissipation.

 Vos 
Offset error  %      100%
I  R
 load _ min Shunt 

Max Power dissipation  W   I 2 Load _ max  Rshunt

References:Stability_Texas Instruments

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 3. Compensation methods

References:Stability_Texas Instruments

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 3. Compensation methods

References:Stability_Texas Instruments

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 3. Compensation methods

References:Stability_Texas Instruments

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 3. Compensation methods

References:Stability_Texas Instruments

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 3. Compensation methods

References:Stability_Texas Instruments

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 3. Compensation methods

References:Stability_Texas Instruments

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 3. Compensation methods

References:Stability_Texas Instruments

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 3. Compensation methods

References:Stability_Texas Instruments

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 3. Compensation methods

References:Stability_Texas Instruments

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 3. Compensation methods

Vo  s  1  Riso .Cload .s

Vin  s  1   Ro  Riso  .Cload .s

References:Stability_Texas Instruments

18/06/2021 Power Electronics 27

 3. Compensation methods

References:Stability_Texas Instruments

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 3. Compensation methods

References:Stability_Texas Instruments

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 3. Compensation methods

References:Stability_Texas Instruments

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 3. Compensation methods

References:Stability_Texas Instruments

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 3. Compensation methods

References:Stability_Texas Instruments

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 3. Compensation methods

References:Stability_Texas Instruments

18/06/2021 Power Electronics 33

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