computer graphics presentation

Cathode ray tube

School of Computer Science and Application
presented by:
Srishti Dasgupta
R19CA115
Bca 4th sem ‘b’ section
 CATHODE RAY TUBE (CRT)
• A cathode-ray tube (CRT) is a vacuum tube containing one or more 
electron guns, the beams of which are manipulated to display images on a 
phosphorescent screen. The images may represent electrical waveforms (
oscilloscope), pictures (television set, computer monitor), radar targets, or
other phenomena. A CRT on a television set is commonly called a picture
tube. CRTs have also been used as memory devices, in which case the
screen is not intended to be visible to an observer.

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 OUTLINE OF CRT
structure
A CRT is a glass envelope which is deep (i.e., long from front screen face to rear end), heavy, and fragile. The
interior is evacuated to approximately 0.01 pascals (9.9×10−8 atm)[4] to 133 nanopascals (1.31×10−12 atm), to
facilitate the free flight of electrons from the gun(s) to the tube's face without scattering due to collisions with air
molecules. As such, handling a CRT carries the risk of violent implosion that can hurl glass at great velocity.
The face is typically made of thick lead glass or special barium-strontium glass to be shatter-resistant and to
block most X-ray emissions. CRTs make up most of the weight of CRT TVs and computer monitors.

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 HISTORY
Cathode rays were discovered by Julius Plücker and Johann Wilhelm Hittorf
. Hittorf observed that some unknown rays were emitted from the cathode
 (negative electrode) which could cast shadows on the glowing wall of the
tube, indicating the rays were traveling in straight lines.
In 1908 Alan Archibald Campbell-Swinton, fellow of the Royal Society (UK),
published a letter in the scientific journal Nature in which he described how
"distant electric vision" could be achieved by using a cathode ray tube (or
"Braun" tube) as both a transmitting and receiving device. He expanded on
his vision in a speech given in London in 1911 and reported in The Times and
the Journal of the Röntgen Society

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 WORKING OF CRT
1. CRT stands for Cathode Ray Tube. CRT is a technology used in
traditional computer monitors and televisions. The image on CRT
display is created by firing electrons from the back of the tube of
phosphorus located towards the front of the screen.
2. Once the electron heats the phosphorus, they light up, and they
are projected on a screen. The color you view on the screen is
produced by a blend of red, blue and green light.

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 MAJOR COMPONENTS OF CRT
1. 1. Electron Gun: Electron gun consisting of a series of elements, primarily a
heating filament (heater) and a cathode. The electron gun creates a source of
electrons which are focused into a narrow beam directed at the face of the CRT.
2. 2. Control Electrode: It is used to turn the electron beam on and off.
3. 3. Focusing system: It is used to create a clear picture by focusing the
electrons into a narrow beam.
4. 4. Deflection Yoke: It is used to control the direction of the electron beam. It
creates an electric or magnetic field which will bend the electron beam as it
passes through the area. In a conventional CRT, the yoke is linked to a sweep
or scan generator. The deflection yoke which is connected to the sweep
generator creates a fluctuating electric or magnetic potential.
5. 5. Phosphorus-coated screen: The inside front surface of every CRT is
coated with phosphors. Phosphors glow when a high-energy electron beam hits
them. Phosphorescence is the term used to characterize the light given off by a
phosphor after it has been exposed to an electron beam.

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Thank you