Tangents and Normal

by
Hanuman Verma
Bareilly College, Bareilly
hv4231@gmail.com
IIT JEE (Main): Tangents and Normal
Application of derivatives:
Tangents and Normal is an application of derivatives 
IIT JEE (Main): Tangents and Normal

•Tangent
  and Normal: Tangent and normal to the continuous curve at the point is
depicted as:
  Slope of the tangent at point

 Where is the angel which makes with the

positive direction of x-axis
 If tangent at is parallel to x-axis that is

 If tangent at is perpendicular to x-axis that is

IIT JEE (Main): Tangents and Normal

•Normal:
  The normal to the continuous curve at the point is a line perpendicular to
the tangent at and passing through depicted as:
  Slope of the normal at point
IIT JEE (Main): Tangents and Normal

•Equation
  of Tangent and Normal: The equation of line passing through a point
and having slopes is
 The equation of tangent at to the curve is defined as

 The equation of Normal at to the curve is defined as

IIT JEE (Main): Tangents and Normal
Angel of intersection of two curves: It is defined as the angel between the tangents
to the two curves at their point of intersection

  Angel

 If the curves is orthogonal, then

IIT JEE (Main): Tangents and Normal

•Length
  of the Tangent, Normal, Subtangent and Subnormal: Let be any point on the
curve and let tangent drawn at point meet the x-axis at , and normal drawn at meets the x-axis at

  PT is called the length of the tangent and PN is

called the length of the normal

 If be the projection of the point on the x-axis

then is called the sub-tangent (projection of
line segment PT on the x-axis) and  is called
the sub normal (projection of line segment PN
on the x-axis)
IIT JEE (Main): Tangents and Normal
Length of the Tangent, Normal, Subtangent and Subnormal:
  Length of Tangent
 Length of Normal
 Length of subtangent
 Length of subnormal
IIT JEE (Main): Tangents and Normal

•P1:  Consider A normal to at also passes through the point:

a) (0, 0)

Ans: (b)
IIT JEE (Main): Tangents and Normal

•P2:  If the tangent at a point P, with parameters , on the curve meets the curve again
at Q, then the coordinates of Q are:

Ans: (a)
IIT JEE (Main): Tangents and Normal

•P3:  If the curves intersect each other at right angels, then the value of is:

a) 4
b) 9/2
c) 6
Ans: (c)
IIT JEE (Main): Tangents and Normal

•P4:  A helicopter is flying along the curve given by . A soldier positioned at the point
wants to shoot down the helicopter when it is nearest to him. Then the nearest
distance is:

a)
Ans: (c)
IIT JEE (Main): Tangents and Normal

•P5:  The length of perpendicular from the origin on the normal to at is:

a) 2

b) 4
Ans: (c)
IIT JEE (Main): Tangents and Normal

•P6:  If the tangent to the curve at a point is parallel to the line joining and then :

Ans: (b)
IIT JEE (Main): Tangents and Normal

•P7:  Let be a point on the curve nearest to the line, . Then the equation of the
normal to the curve at is:

Ans: (a)
IIT JEE (Main): Tangents and Normal

•P8:  If the tangent to the curve , at the point is parallel to the line segment joining
the points and then is equal to:

Ans: (b)
IIT JEE (Main): Tangents and Normal

•Derivative
  as a rate measures:
Derivative , we mean the rate of change of distance with respect to time
In the similar way, when some quantity varies with small changes or changes with
some other quantity with changes while satisfying some rule , then the derivative
instantaneous rate of change w.r.t
rate of change of w.r.t
If displacement of a particle with time is then
velocity=
acceleration=
IIT JEE (Main): Tangents and Normal

•P9:  If the surface area of a cube is increasing at a rate of , retaining its shape, then
the rate of change of its volume (in when the length of a side of the cube is is :
a) 18
b) 10
c) 20
d) 9
Ans: (d)