MATERIAL QUANTITY

TAKE-OFF
ENGR. KEVIN PAOLO V. ROBLES
 2.1 INTRODUCTION
THE QUANTITY TAKE-OFF

• Refers to the scaling or transferring of critical dimensions of construction

components from drawings to paper or software that are quantified as units
of measurement.

• This also includes a description of works that are influenced by the

appropriate measurement guide.

ORGANIZATION OF QUANTITY TAKE-OFF

The order of the take-off will generally follow the sequence of work activities of
the project and, conveniently for the estimator, the contract drawings are usually
presented in this sequence.

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering

MATERIAL QUANTITY TAKE-
OFF: EARTHWORKS AND
EXCAVATION
ENGR. KEVIN PAOLO V. ROBLES
 2.1 INTRODUCTION
Earthworks are engineering works created through the processing of parts of the
earth's surface involving quantities of soil or unformed rock.

SITE PREPARATION
It is the removal of natural obstruction across the site such as grass, bushes, shrubs and
trees. Site preparation is measured in terms of area.

EXCAVATION
It is the removal of earth from its natural position. All excavation is measured net with no
allowance for increasing in bulk after excavation or for the extra space required for
working space or to accommodate earthwork support. It is measured in terms of volume.

FILLING
It is defined as a quantity of material that fills or is used to fill something. Filling is
obtained from excavated material which includes topsoil and any other material arising
from the excavations that have been specified to remain on site and measured in terms of
volume.
MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering
 2.1 INTRODUCTION
Earthworks are engineering works created through the processing of parts of the
earth's surface involving quantities of soil or unformed rock.

DISPOSAL
It is defined as the action or process of throwing away or getting rid of something.
Disposal is based on all excavated material off site and measured in terms of volume.

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering

2.2 DEFINITION OF TERMS

cut or bank measure - earth or soil that is excavated or removed

fill or compacted measure - earth or soil that is compacted

loose volume – earth that is placed in hauling unit or transport

swell – increase in volume (expressed in percentage as compared to original

volume)

shrinkage – decrease in volume (expressed in percentage as compared to

original volume)

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering

 2.3 CORRELATION

Correlation By Volume:
where:
  𝑺𝒘
(
𝑳= 𝟏+
𝟏𝟎𝟎
𝑩 ) Sw = Percentage of Swell
Sh = Percentage of shrinkage
  𝑺𝒉 B = Volume of Undisturbed soil
(
𝑪 = 𝟏−
𝟏𝟎𝟎
𝑩 ) L
C
=
=
Volume of Loose Soil
Volume of Compacted Soil

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering

 2.1 CORRELATION
2.3 INTRODUCTION

Correlation By Weight:

𝒃 where:
 
𝒍=
𝑺𝒘
(
𝟏+
𝟏𝟎𝟎 ) Sw
Sh
=
=
Percentage of Swell
Percentage of shrinkage
b = Unit weight of Undisturbed soil
  𝒃 l = Unit weight of Loose Soil
𝒄=
𝑺𝒉 c = Unit weight of Compacted Soil
( 𝟏−
𝟏𝟎𝟎 )

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering

2.4 RANGE OF SWELL FACTORS for EARTH and ROCK

MATERIAL SWELL (%)

Sand or Gravel 10-15
Loam 15-20
Common Earth 20-30
Hard Clay 25-40
Solid Rock 50-80

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering

2.5 UNIT WEIGHTS OF EARTH and ROCK
MATERIAL UNIT WEIGHT (lb/cf)
Loam 80
Sand Dry 95
Sand Wet 100
Clay Dry 100
Clay Wet 110
Earth Dry 105
Earth wet 115
Earth and Gravel 120
Gravel Dry 105
Gravel Wet 125
Limestone 160
Rock well blasted 155
Shale 180

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering

 2.6 EXAMPLE
Clay soil with a bank unit weight of 105 lb/cf is excavated and hauled by 22 cy
(loose measure) trucks that have an empty weight of 67,500 lb. An evaluation of
the physical properties of the soil indicates a swell factor of 30 %. Based on four
passes of the compaction equipment, it is anticipated that the shrinkage factor will
be 15 %. For each 22 cy of truckload that is hauled, calculate the equivalent bank
measure and loose measure volume. What is the total vertical weight of the hauling
unit and payload of soil that is hauled on each truck0-trip.

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering

2.6 EXAMPLE
Consider the design of the given road network. The total volume
to be excavated is 485 m3 and the total volume to be filled is
125 m3. Determine the number of hauling trucks to be used in
disposing unused earth materials. Assume that the earth
materials used are suitable for excavation. Use a swell factor of
30% a shrinkage factor of 25%. The capacity of of a hauling
truck is 10 m3.
Vcut

Vfill

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering

2.6 EXAMPLE
Estimate the total loose volume of
excavated materials to be disposed in
the given detailed engineering design
plans of a one-storey two-classroom
building. Use a swell factor of 30
percent and shrinkage factor of 20
percent.

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering

2.6 EXAMPLE

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering

2.6 EXAMPLE

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering

2.6 EXAMPLE

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering

2.6 EXAMPLE

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering