WELCOME TO MY

PRESENTATION

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 PRESENTED BY

 Name: SM Sakib Raihan

 Department: BBA
 ID: 13302232

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Electronic
Commerce

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 Electronic Commerce (EC)
 Electronic Commerce involves making business transactions via
telecommunications networks, primarily the Internet.
 It is also sometimes referred to as e-business (or e-biz)
 Evolution of EC:

 Electronic commerce applications began in the early 1970s.

 Electronic data interchange (EDI) extended the types of
participating companies.
 EC applications expanded rapidly with the commercialization of the
Internet in the early 1990s.

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 The Field of EC
The field of EC can be divided into two segments:

1. Electronic markets, or e-marketplaces - networks of interactions

and relationships where information, products, services, and
payments are exchanged.
 B2C, company-centric, and B2B transactions.

2. Interorganizational information systems (IOS) - information flow

among two or more organizations.
 Applies to B2B applications only

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 Benefits of EC
Some benefits of EC to organizations are:
 EC allows vendors to reach a large number of customers, anywhere around the
globe, at a very low operating cost.

 Companies can procure materials and services from other companies rapidly
and less expensively.

 Marketing distribution channels can be drastically cut or eliminated.

 EC decreases the of information based cost by as much as 90%.

 Customer services and relationships are facilitated by interactive, one-to-one

communication, at a low cost.

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 Benefits of EC (cont.)
Some benefits of EC to consumers are:
 EC often provides customers with less expensive products and services by
allowing them to shop in many places.

 EC provides customers with more choices.

 EC enables customers to shop 24 hours a day, year round, from almost any
location.

 Customers can receive relevant and detailed information and other services in
seconds.

 EC enables consumers to get customized products and services.

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 Benefits of EC (cont.)
Some benefits of EC to society are:
 EC is a major facilitator of the digital economy.

 EC enables more individuals to work at home, resulting in less traffic and lower air
pollution.

 EC allows some goods to be sold at lower prices, so less affluent people can buy
them, increasing their standard of living.

 EC enables people in developing countries and rural areas to enjoy products and
services previously unavailable.

 EC facilitates a superior delivery of public services.

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 Models of EC
 Business-to-Business (B2B)
 Business-to-Consumers (B2C)
 Consumer-to-Organizations (C2O)
 Consumer-to-Consumer (C2C)
 Intrabusiness (Intraorganizational) Commerce
 Government-to-Citizens (G2C)
 Collaborative commerce (c-commerce)
 Mobile Commerce (m-commerce)

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 Other EC Activities
 Intrabusiness and Business to Employees (B2E)
 Buying, selling and collaborative EC can be conducted within the
company, usually using the Intranet and corporate portal.
 E-government
 Government-to-citizens (G2C)
• Electronic benefits transfer (EBT) - governments transfer Social
Security, pensions, and other benefits directly to recipients’ bank
accounts or smart cards.
 Government-to-business (G2B)
 Government-to-government (G2G)

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 Electronic Payment Systems
 Security Requirements
 e.g. Authentification, Privacy, Integrity,
Non-repudiation, Safety
 Single-Key (Symmetric) Encryption
 Public-Key Infrastructure
 Public and Private Keys
 Digital Signatures
 Electronic Certificates
 Protocols
 Secure Socket Layer (SSL).
 Secure Electronic Transaction Protocol
(SET)
 Electronic Credit Cards
 Electronic Checks (e-Checks)
 Purchasing Cards
 Electronic Payment From Cellular Phones
 Electronic funds transfer (EFT)
 Electronic cash (e-cash)
 E Cash for Micropayments
 Stored-Value Cards
 Enhanced Smart Cards
 Person-to-Person (P2P) Payment.
 Electronic Wallets
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 EC Failures
 The major wave of EC failures started in 2000, as secondary funding that was
needed by Internet-based EC began to dry up.
 Here are some examples;
 PointCast, a pioneer in the personalized Web-casting, folded in 1998 due to an
incorrect business model.

 An Internet mall, operated by Open Market, was closed in 1996 due to an

insufficient number of buyers.

 E-toys, a virtual toy retailer that impacted the entire toy industry folded in 2001 due
to inability to generate profit.

 Advertising company Advertexpress.com, in the U.K., failed due to lack of second-

round funding.

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 Fraud on the Internet
 Internet Stock Fraud
 Fraud in Electronic Auctions
 Other Financial Fraud
 e.g. Selling bogus investments
 Federal Trade Commission
 provides a list of 12 scams
most likely to arrive on the net
• e.g. Bulk mail solicitors,
Chain letters, Work-at-home
schemes
 Buyer Protection is critical to the
success of any commerce, and
especially EC, where buyers do not
see the sellers.
 Seller Protection safeguards
vendors against consumers who
refuse to pay or who pay with bad
checks.
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 EC-related Legal Issues

 Domain Name
 Problems arise when several companies compete over a domain
name.
 Taxes and Other Fees
 Federal, state, and local authorities are scrambling to figure out
how to get a piece of the revenue created electronically.
 Copyright
 Protecting software and other intangible creations is difficult over
the Web.

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 Ethical Issues
 Privacy and Web tracking.
 Privacy issues are related to both customers and employees.
 The human element.
 The implementation of EC may lead to personnel
dissatisfaction and loss of salespeople’s income
 Disintermediation.
 The use of EC may result in the elimination of a company’s
employees as well as brokers and agents.

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 Limitations of EC
Technical Limitations Non-Technical Limitations

 Lack of universally accepted  Legal issues

standards
 National and international
government regulations
 Insufficient bandwidth
 Difficulty of measuring EC benefits
 Still-evolving software
development tools
 Customer resistance

 Difficulties in integrating the  Lack of a critical mass

Internet and EC software
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ANY QUESTION?

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THANK YOU ALL

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