JSPM’S

RAJARSHI SHAHU COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

UNIT II:
PYTHON PROGRAM FLOW
CONTROL
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JSPM’s RSCOE, PUNE-33 A.Y. 2020-21 ( Sem-II) Introduction to Python Programming
 Conditional Block’s in Python
 Decision structures evaluate multiple expressions which produce TRUE or
FALSE as outcome.
You need to determine which action to take and which statements to execute
if outcome is TRUE or FALSE otherwise.
Python programming language assumes any non-zero and non-null values as
TRUE, and if it is either zero or null, then it is assumed as FALSE value.
Python programming language provides following types of decision making
statements.
1. If statement
2. If else statement
3. If…elif….else statement

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JSPM’s RSCOE, PUNE-33 A.Y. 2020-21 ( Sem-II) Introduction to Python Programming
 If statement

The if statement contains a logical expression using which data is compared

and a decision is made based on the result of the comparison.
Syntax
if expression:
statement(s)
 Example If statement:
a = 33
b = 200
if b > a:
  print("b is greater than a")

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JSPM’s RSCOE, PUNE-33 A.Y. 2020-21 ( Sem-II ) Introduction to Python Programming
 If….else statement
An else statement can be combined with an if statement.
An else statement contains the block of code that executes if the conditional expression
in the if statement resolves to 0 or a FALSE value.
Syntax
if expression:
statement(s)
else:
statement(s)
Example If statement:
a = 200
b = 33
if b > a:
   print("b is greater than a")
else:
   print("b is not greater than a")
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JSPM’s RSCOE, PUNE-33 A.Y. 2020-21 ( Sem-II ) Introduction to Python Programming
 If….elif…else statement
The elif statement allows you to check multiple expressions for TRUE and execute a block
of code as soon as one of the conditions evaluates to TRUE.
Syntax
if expression1:
statement(s)
elif expression2:
statement(s)
else:
statement(s)
 Example If statement:
a = 200
b = 33
if b > a:
  print("b is greater than a")
elif a == b:
  print("a and b are equal“)
else:
  print("a is greater than b")
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JSPM’s RSCOE, PUNE-33 A.Y. 2020-21 ( Sem-II ) Introduction to Python Programming
 For loop
A for loop is used for iterating over a sequence (that is either a list, a tuple, a dictionary, a
set, or a string).
With the for loop we can execute a set of statements, once for each item in a list, tuple,
set etc.
Syntax
for iterating_var in sequence:
statements(s)

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JSPM’s RSCOE, PUNE-33 A.Y. 2020-21 ( Sem-II ) Introduction to Python Programming
 For loop using range
To loop through a set of code a specified number of times, we can use
the range() function.
The range() function returns a sequence of numbers, starting from 0 by default, and
increments by 1 (by default), and ends at a specified number.
Example 1 :
for x in range(6):
   print(x) #output : 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
 Example 2 :
for x in range(2, 6):
  print(x) #output : 2, 3, 4, 5
 Example 3 :
for x in range(2, 10, 2):
   print(x) #output : 2, 4, 6, 8

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JSPM’s RSCOE, PUNE-33 A.Y. 2020-21 ( Sem-II ) Introduction to Python Programming
 For loop using string

strings are iterable objects, they contain a sequence of characters

Example :
for x in “RSCOE":
   print(x)

Output :
R
S
C
O
E

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JSPM’s RSCOE, PUNE-33 A.Y. 2020-21 ( Sem-II ) Introduction to Python Programming
 While loop
A while loop statement in Python programming language repeatedly executes a target
statement as long as a given condition is true.
Syntax
while expression:
statement(s)
 Here, statement(s) may be a single statement or a block of statements.
 The condition may be any expression, and true is any non-zero value.
 The loop iterates while the condition is true.
 When the condition becomes false, program control passes to the line immediately following the loop.
 Example :
count = 0
while (count < 9):
print 'The count is:', count
count = count + 1
print "Good bye!"
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JSPM’s RSCOE, PUNE-33 A.Y. 2020-21 ( Sem-II ) Introduction to Python Programming
 Continue statement
It returns the control to the beginning of the loop..
The continue statement rejects all the remaining statements in the current iteration of
the loop and moves the control back to the top of the loop.
Syntax
continue
 Example :

# Second Example
var = 10
# First Example
while var > 0:
for letter in 'Python':
var = var -1
if letter == 'h':
if var == 5:
continue
continue
print 'Current Letter :', letter
print 'Current variable value :', var
print "Good bye!"

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JSPM’s RSCOE, PUNE-33 A.Y. 2020-21 ( Sem-II ) Introduction to Python Programming
 Break statement
It terminates the current loop and resumes execution at the next statement, just like the
traditional break statement in C.
The break statement can be used in both while and for loops.
Syntax
break
 Example :

# Second Example
# First Example var = 10
while var > 0:
for letter in 'Python': print 'Current variable value :', var
if letter == 'h': var = var -1
break if var == 5:
print 'Current Letter :', letter break
print "Good bye!"

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JSPM’s RSCOE, PUNE-33 A.Y. 2020-21 ( Sem-II ) Introduction to Python Programming